Comprehensive multi-technique approach reveals the high diversity of microcystins in field collections and an associated isolate of Microcystis aeruginosa from a Turkish lake

dc.authorid0000-0002-0982-727Xen_US
dc.contributor.authorYılmaz, Mete
dc.contributor.authorFoss, Amanda J.
dc.contributor.authorMiles, Christopher O.
dc.contributor.authorOzen, Mihriban
dc.contributor.authorDemir, Nilsun
dc.contributor.authorBalcı, Muharrem
dc.date.accessioned2021-03-20T20:12:31Z
dc.date.available2021-03-20T20:12:31Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.departmentBTÜ, Mühendislik ve Doğa Bilimleri Fakültesi, Biyomühendislik Bölümüen_US
dc.descriptionDemir, Nilsun/0000-0002-3895-7655; BALCI, Muharrem/0000-0001-9373-6647; Foss, Amanda/0000-0003-0412-3879; Yilmaz, Mete/0000-0002-0982-727X; Miles, Chris/0000-0001-8537-4439; Beach, Daniel/0000-0002-5680-2112en_US
dc.description.abstractMicrocystins (MCs) are hepatotoxic and potentially carcinogenic cyanotoxins. They exhibit high structural variability, with nearly 250 variants described to date. This variability can result in incomplete detection of MC variants during lake surveys due to the frequent use of targeted analytical methods and a lack of standards available for identification and quantitation. In this study, Lake Uluabat in Turkey was sampled during the summer of 2015. Phylogenetic analysis of the environmental mcyA sequences suggested Microcystis spp. were the major MC contributors. A combination of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), liquid chromatography with UV detection and mass spectrometry (LC-UV-MS), and a novel liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) method, together with thiol and periodate reactivity, revealed more than 36 MC variants in the lake samples and a strain of M. aeruginosa (AQUAMEB-24) isolated from Lake Uluabat. Only MCs containing arginine at position-4 were detected in the culture, while MC-LA, -LY, -LW and -LF were also detected in the lake samples, suggesting the presence of other MC producers in the lake. The previously unreported MCs MC-(H2)YR (dihydrotyrosine at position-2) (17), [epoxyAdda(5)]MC-LR, [DMAdda(5)]MC-RR (1) and [Mser(7)]MC-RR (8) were detected in the culture and/or field samples. This study is a good example of how commonly used targeted LC-MS methods can underestimate the diversity of MCs in freshwater lakes and cyanobacteria cultures and how untargeted LC-MS methods can be used to comprehensively assess MC diversity present in a new system.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipScientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [114Y641]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was supported by a grant from The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) (Project no: 114Y641). MY, MO and MB performed the field work. MO and MB prepared the samples for analyses. MB isolated the strain AQUAMEB24. MO performed ELISA and molecular analyses. ND performed cyanobacterial identifications and counts. AJF, COM, and DGB performed the LC-MS/MS analyses. MY planned the study, performed the phylogenetic analyses and wrote the paper with AJF, DGB and COM. The authors thank Cem Dirlik, Tolga Coskun and Gizem Seren Karatay for help during sampling and sample preparations, and K. Sivonen (Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland) for providing Nostoc sp. strain 152.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.06.006en_US
dc.identifier.endpage100en_US
dc.identifier.issn0041-0101
dc.identifier.pmid31181296en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ3en_US
dc.identifier.startpage87en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.06.006
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12885/596
dc.identifier.volume167en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000482248000012en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.institutionauthorYılmaz, Mete
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherPergamon-Elsevier Science Ltden_US
dc.relation.ispartofToxiconen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subject[DMAdda(5)] MC-RRen_US
dc.subjectLake uluabaten_US
dc.subjectMC-(H2)YRen_US
dc.subject[Mser(7)]MC-RRen_US
dc.subjectMicrocystinen_US
dc.subjectUntargeted LC-HAMSen_US
dc.titleComprehensive multi-technique approach reveals the high diversity of microcystins in field collections and an associated isolate of Microcystis aeruginosa from a Turkish lakeen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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