Optimizing the Use of PCE-Based Grinding Aids: The Critical Role of pH on Early-Age Cement Hydration Kinetics

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dc.contributor.authorKobya, Veysel
dc.contributor.authorKaya, Yahya
dc.contributor.authorMardani, Ali
dc.contributor.authorKaya, Yunus
dc.contributor.authorAssaad, Joseph
dc.contributor.authorHamad, Bilal
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-08T15:15:30Z
dc.date.available2026-02-08T15:15:30Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentBursa Teknik Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractPolycarboxylate ether (PCE) water-reducing admixtures have emerged as promising solutions to optimize clinker grinding and properties. The increased adsorption ability of PCE and creation of narrow particles, despite maintaining constant Blaine fineness, has sparked the interest of their use as grinding aids (GAs) in the cement industry. This study aims at synthesizing different PCEs at three distinct pH values (i.e., 4, 7, and 9), and assessing their interactions with the cement hydration kinetics and strength development at early ages. Ten cements were produced by incorporating the synthesized PCEs at three dosage rates of 0.025%, 0.05%, and 0.1%, by weight of clinker and gypsum materials. The mixtures were tested for Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, setting time, heat calorimetry, and early-age strength. This comprehensive analysis revealed the significant pH impact on clinker comminution and sieve residues as well as the early-age hydration kinetics, formation of hydrated products, and strength development.
dc.description.sponsorshipScientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [222M245]; Bursa Uludag University Science and Technology Centre (BAP) [FGA-2024-1754]; Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA)
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors gratefully acknowledge the support provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUB & Idot;TAK) under Grant No. 222M245. Appreciation is also extended to the Bursa Uludag University Science and Technology Centre (BAP) for their contributions through Grant No. FGA-2024-1754. Furthermore, the second author expresses sincere gratitude to TUB & Idot;TAK for the 2211A scholarship awarded during their doctoral studies. The third author thanks the Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA) for its support.
dc.identifier.doi10.1061/JMCEE7.MTENG-21957
dc.identifier.issn0899-1561
dc.identifier.issn1943-5533
dc.identifier.issue3
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105026242056
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1061/JMCEE7.MTENG-21957
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12885/5815
dc.identifier.volume38
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001663015700028
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherAsce-Amer Soc Civil Engineers
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Materials in Civil Engineering
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzWOS_KA_20260207
dc.subjectPolycarboxylate
dc.subjectGrinding aids
dc.subjectpH
dc.subjectEarly hydration
dc.subjectEarly strength
dc.titleOptimizing the Use of PCE-Based Grinding Aids: The Critical Role of pH on Early-Age Cement Hydration Kinetics
dc.typeArticle

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