Conductive polymer-based electrochemical aptasensor for sensitive detection of cylindrospermopsin in water resources

Basit Öğe Kaydı
dc.contributor.authorKesici-Meco, Ece
dc.contributor.authorUnur-Yilmaz, Ece
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-08T15:15:30Z
dc.date.available2026-02-08T15:15:30Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentBursa Teknik Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractIncreasing environmental pollution and climate change intensify the occurrence of harmful cyanobacterial blooms. These blooms release cyanotoxins, such as cylindrospermopsin (CYN), a hepatotoxic compound that threatens freshwater ecosystems, ecological stability, and human health. Addressing this challenge requires effective monitoring strategies aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation). In this study, pencil graphite electrode (PGE) and conductive polymer based electrochemical aptasensor systems were developed for the selective and sensitive detection of CYN in both laboratory (deionized water) and environmental (lake water) samples. The proposed sensors provide low-cost, rapid, and reliable analytical platforms for environmental monitoring and sustainable water management. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), and polypyrrole (PPy) were electropolymerized onto PGEs to enhance conductivity and provide effective CYN-specific aptamer (cynApt) immobilization. The surface morphologies and elemental compositions of bare PGE, PGE/PEDOT, and PGE/PPy were characterized by scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), while their electrochemical properties were systematically evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Functional groups formed after polymer deposition and subsequent aptamer immobilization were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The first system, PGE/PEDOT/cynApt, achieved detection limits of 0.23 +/- 0.005 ng mL-1 (0.55 +/- 0.013 nM) and 0.27 +/- 0.008 ng mL-1 (0.65 +/- 0.018 nM) for CYN in deionized and lake water, respectively, using CV. The second system, PGE/PPy/cynApt, exhibited superior performance, reaching detection limits of 0.18 +/- 0.005 ng mL-1 (0.43 +/- 0.012 nM) in deionized water and 0.24 +/- 0.009 ng mL-1 (0.58 +/- 0.022 nM) in lake water, respectively, using EIS. Conductive polymer modifications, with PEDOT and PPy, significantly enhanced the analytical response. Both platforms exhibited high selectivity toward CYN over other environmentally relevant cyanobacterial toxins, including okadaic acid (OA), saxitoxin (STX), and anatoxin-a (ATX-a), which are known to co-occur with CYN in freshwater blooms. In addition, the developed aptasensors retained their functional performance over a 7-day storage period, indicating suitable stability for practical use. This practical approach for the early detection of CYN in aquatic environments contributes to the prevention of water-related health risks and supports sustainable agricultural practices.
dc.description.sponsorshipTrkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arascedil;timath;rma Kurumu [124Z553, 2211/A National PhD Scholarship Program]
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was financially supported by the TUBITAK (Project Number: 124Z553). The dissertation research is supported by the TUBITAK 2211/A National PhD Scholarship Program and the YOK (the Higher Education Council of Turkiye) 100/2000 National PhD Scholarship Program in the Priority Fields under Sustainable Agriculture.
dc.identifier.doi10.1039/d5an01285f
dc.identifier.issn0003-2654
dc.identifier.issn1364-5528
dc.identifier.pmid41532809
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105027301445
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1039/d5an01285f
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12885/5811
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001662199800001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherRoyal Soc Chemistry
dc.relation.ispartofAnalyst
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzWOS_KA_20260207
dc.subjectDna
dc.subjectComposite
dc.subjectNanoparticles
dc.subjectPolypyrrole
dc.subjectGenotoxicity
dc.subjectBiosensors
dc.subjectInduction
dc.subjectElectrode
dc.subjectToxins
dc.subjectGold
dc.titleConductive polymer-based electrochemical aptasensor for sensitive detection of cylindrospermopsin in water resources
dc.typeArticle

Dosyalar

Koleksiyon

WoS İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu
PubMed İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu
Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu