Heavy Metal Accumulation and Human Health Risk in Mediterranean Mussels from the Southern Marmara Sea, Türkiye

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dc.authorid0000-0001-5969-4180
dc.contributor.authorHacisalihoglu, Saadet
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-08T15:16:03Z
dc.date.available2026-02-08T15:16:03Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentBursa Teknik Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractThis study evaluated the accumulation of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn) in Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) collected from five coastal stations (K & uuml;& ccedil;& uuml;kkumla, Kur & scedil;unlu, G & uuml;zelyal & imath;, Mudanya, and Zeytinba & gbreve;& imath;; n = 20 mussels per station; composited into one sample per site) along the southern coast of the Marmara Sea (Bursa, T & uuml;rkiye), and assessed the associated potential health risks. Analyses using ICP-OES revealed spatial variations in metal concentrations among stations. Statistical analyses (p < 0.05) showed no significant differences in As levels, whereas Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn concentrations differed significantly. Mudanya exhibited the highest levels of Zn and Hg, while Cd was particularly elevated in Mudanya and G & uuml;zelyal & imath;. Kur & scedil;unlu showed the highest Cu concentrations, and K & uuml;& ccedil;& uuml;kkumla had the highest Pb levels. Human health risk assessments for the adult population (EDI, EWI, THQ, HI) were all below 1.0, indicating no appreciable non-carcinogenic risk under the assumed adult dietary exposure scenario, based on internationally recognized toxicological reference values (FAO/WHO, JECFA, and EC Regulation 1881/2006). However, relatively higher HI values in Mudanya (0.695) and K & uuml;& ccedil;& uuml;kkumla (0.646) suggest the need for closer monitoring. Overall, the findings demonstrate that mussels serve as effective bioindicators of coastal metal contamination in the southern Marmara Sea and underscore the importance of continuous biomonitoring to safeguard both ecosystem and public health.
dc.description.sponsorshipBursa Technical University Scientific Research Projects Office [221N003]
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was funding by Bursa Technical University Scientific Research Projects Office (Project No: 221N003).
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/toxics13121084
dc.identifier.issn2305-6304
dc.identifier.issue12
dc.identifier.pmid41441305
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105025982662
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13121084
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12885/6094
dc.identifier.volume13
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001648223100001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMdpi
dc.relation.ispartofToxics
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzWOS_KA_20260207
dc.subjectBursa
dc.subjectheavy metals
dc.subjecthealth risks assessment
dc.subjectMarmara Sea
dc.subjectMytilus galloprovincialis
dc.subjecttoxics
dc.titleHeavy Metal Accumulation and Human Health Risk in Mediterranean Mussels from the Southern Marmara Sea, Türkiye
dc.typeArticle

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