BİR RÖNESANS DÖNEMİ ÜTOPYASI OLARAK “YENİ ATLANTİS” ADLI ESERİN SOSYOLOJİK ANALİZİ
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Tarih
2018
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
İnsanların ortaya çıktıkları andan itibaren aile, klan, kabile gibi küçük ölçekli topluluklar içinde olsa da birbirleriyle toplumsal ilişkiler kurmak suretiyle yaşadıkları varsayılmaktadır. Toplum halinde yaşayan insanlar kimi zaman mevcut olan ile ideal olan üzerine kafa yormuş, içinde bulunulan durumu karşılaştırmış bu düşünce ve umutlarını yazın alanına yansıtmıştır. Karmaşaların, buhranların, gelişme- ilerleme karşıtı dönemlerin toplumlar için sıkıntılı süreçler olduğu açıktır. Ancak bu söz konusu süreçler farklı bilim ve felsefe akımlarının doğmasına zemin hazırlamış ve etkileri sıklıkla edebiyat, resim, müzik gibi sanat alanlarına yansımıştır. Avrupa’nın yaşadığı karanlık çağ ve sonrasında oluşan Rönesans hareketi dönemi pek çok bilim insanını etkilemiş ve karanlık çağdan çıkışın yolu ya da kurtarıcısı olarak görülen bilim ve tekniğe verilen önem ile eserler meydana getirilmiştir. Bu eserlerden biri de ütopyalardır. Tarihte ilk örneği Platon’un ‘Devlet’ adlı eserinde görülen ütopyalar meydana getirildikleri dönem ile beraber ele alındığında insanoğlu için ideal olan üzerine tasarlanmıştır. Platon’un eserinden sonra ütopyaların devamı gelmiş ve çeşitli yazarlar tarafından üretilmeye devam etmiştir. Bu bağlamda Rönesans döneminde oluşturulan bir diğer ütopik eser de Bacon tarafından kaleme alınan “Yeni Atlantis”tir. Francis Bacon, Yeni Atlantis’te ideal bir devleti tasarlamış ve temele bilim ve gelişmeye dayalı bir toplum ön görüsü koymuştur. Onun çağdaşlarından en büyük farkı ideal devlet düzeni tasarlarken geleneklerin etkilerinin önemine yapılan vurgudur. Bu çalışmada, Yeni Atlantis’te gelenekle bilimin harmanlandığı yeni bir tasarı oluşturulduğu görülmüş ve hem eserin bu yönü, hem de ortaya çıktığı dönemin koşullarıyla birlikte sosyolojik olarak değerlendirilmiştir.
People are assumed to live together by means of establishing social relationships even if in the little scale they live communities like family, clan, tribe since the appearance of humankind. People living in a society have reflected on their ideas and hopes in the field of literature, sometimes thinking about what is available and what is ideal and comparing the situation. It is clear that social problems, crises, anti- development periods are troublesome processes for societies. However, these processes have laid the foundation for the emergence of different sciences and philosophical trends, and their effects are often reflected in the fields of art such as literature, painting, and music. The dark ages of Europe and the Renaissance movement that occurred after it influenced many scientists, who gave importance to the science and the technique which was considered as the way of darkness contraction or the savior. One of these works are utopias. The first example in history was that the utopias seen in Plato's 'State' were designed to be ideal for mankind when taken together with the period. After Platon’s work utopias continued and by various authors are generated. In this context, another utopian work created during the Renaissance period was ‘New Atlantis’, which was written by Bacon. Francis Bacon designed an ideal state in New Atlantis and set a vision of a society based on science and development. The greatest difference from his contemporaries is the emphasis on the importance of the effects of traditions in designing the ideal state order. In this study, it was seen that a new view blended with tradition and science was created in New Atlantis, and both this aspect of the work and the conditions of the time it emerged were sociologically evaluated.
People are assumed to live together by means of establishing social relationships even if in the little scale they live communities like family, clan, tribe since the appearance of humankind. People living in a society have reflected on their ideas and hopes in the field of literature, sometimes thinking about what is available and what is ideal and comparing the situation. It is clear that social problems, crises, anti- development periods are troublesome processes for societies. However, these processes have laid the foundation for the emergence of different sciences and philosophical trends, and their effects are often reflected in the fields of art such as literature, painting, and music. The dark ages of Europe and the Renaissance movement that occurred after it influenced many scientists, who gave importance to the science and the technique which was considered as the way of darkness contraction or the savior. One of these works are utopias. The first example in history was that the utopias seen in Plato's 'State' were designed to be ideal for mankind when taken together with the period. After Platon’s work utopias continued and by various authors are generated. In this context, another utopian work created during the Renaissance period was ‘New Atlantis’, which was written by Bacon. Francis Bacon designed an ideal state in New Atlantis and set a vision of a society based on science and development. The greatest difference from his contemporaries is the emphasis on the importance of the effects of traditions in designing the ideal state order. In this study, it was seen that a new view blended with tradition and science was created in New Atlantis, and both this aspect of the work and the conditions of the time it emerged were sociologically evaluated.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Sanat, Kültürel Çalışmalar, Tarih, Edebiyat, Müzik
Kaynak
Turkish Studies (Elektronik)
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
13
Sayı
22
