Cryptic Risks to Forest Biosecurity Associated with the Global Movement of Commercial Seed

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dc.authorid0000-0002-0367-0849en_US
dc.contributor.authorCleary, Michelle
dc.contributor.authorOskay, Funda
dc.contributor.authorDogmus, Hatice Tugba
dc.contributor.authorLehtijaervi, Asko Tapio
dc.contributor.authorWoodward, Stephen
dc.contributor.authorVettraino, Anna Maria
dc.date.accessioned2021-03-20T20:12:38Z
dc.date.available2021-03-20T20:12:38Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.departmentBTÜ, Orman Fakültesi, Orman Mühendisliği Bölümüen_US
dc.description.abstractThe import and export of tree seed carries with it risks of inadvertent introduction of pests and pathogens to hitherto unaffected regions. Although trade in seed of specified trees is regulated, phytosanitary requirements for most tree species are minimal, even those related to the most important forest tree species in a given region. A better understanding of the microbiome associated with seed intended for commercial production or ornamental use, and their potential risk with the transport from the source origin of distributors, will help regulatory agencies implement measures to safeguard seed health and avoid trade-related spread of potentially harmful pathogens. In this study we used high-throughput sequencing to show that highly diverse fungal communities were associated with seed of 14 different Pinus species obtained from seed banks (seed orchards) and retail sources (online distributors) in North America and Europe. Fungal diversity differed among the 23 seedlots tested. Community composition did not relate to the species of Pinus nor the country of origin. Assigned potential functions based on sequence identity using FUNGuild provided an overall understanding of the likely life strategies of fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Of those sequences classified to a trophic level, 453 were plant pathogens, with the Dothideomycetes having the highest prevalence. The most common plant pathogens included Sydowia polyspora, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Diplodia intermedia and Diplodia sapinea that were detected from the majority of Pinus species. The evidence presented here illustrates an urgent need for plant protection authorities, practitioners and the general public to recognize the potential risk of introducing harmful pathogens through innocent transport of seed.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipSwedish Research Council FORMASSwedish Research CouncilSwedish Research Council Formas [2018-00966]; UK Forestry Commission; EU-COST Action "Pine pitch canker-strategies for management of Gibberella circinata in greenhouses and forests" (PINESTRENGTH) [FP 1406]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was funded by the Swedish Research Council FORMAS grant number 2018-00966, and the UK Forestry Commission. Support was also provided by the EU-COST Action FP 1406 "Pine pitch canker-strategies for management of Gibberella circinata in greenhouses and forests" (PINESTRENGTH).en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/f10050459en_US
dc.identifier.issn1999-4907
dc.identifier.issue5en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://doi.org/10.3390/f10050459
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12885/643
dc.identifier.volume10en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000478814700098en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.institutionauthorLehtijaervi, Asko Tapio
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherMdpien_US
dc.relation.ispartofForestsen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.subjectalien invasive forest pathogensen_US
dc.subjectemerging forest diseasesen_US
dc.subjectglobal tradeen_US
dc.subjectPinusen_US
dc.subjectDiplodia sapineaen_US
dc.subjectSydowia polysporaen_US
dc.subjectLasiodiplodia theobromaeen_US
dc.subjectmycobiomeen_US
dc.titleCryptic Risks to Forest Biosecurity Associated with the Global Movement of Commercial Seeden_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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