The impacts of human-induced disturbances on spatial and temporal stream water quality variations in mountainous terrain: A case study of Borcka Dam Watershed

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dc.authorid0000-0002-5660-9881
dc.authorid0000-0002-6278-5443
dc.contributor.authorOzalp, Mehmet
dc.contributor.authorYildirimer, Saim
dc.contributor.authorYuksel, Esin Erdogan
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-12T21:05:06Z
dc.date.available2026-02-12T21:05:06Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.departmentBursa Teknik Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractUnaltered watersheds with natural vegetation cover (forest, grasslands, etc.) provide several ecological benefits in addition to providing freshwater, controlling water levels, and supporting flourishing streamside ecosystems. However, as in many watersheds in the World, the research area in this study, the Borcka Dam Watershed (BDW), has been affected by many human-induced disturbances affecting a wide area of forest and grassland areas as well as soil and water resources. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess and evaluate the possible effects of anthropogenic disturbances, particularly on annual changes in water discharge, some water quality parameters, and total suspended sediment (TSS) amounts in the main streams of four sub watersheds (Fabrika, Godrahav, Hatila, and Murgul) and the reservoir of the dam. In addition, we intend to confirm that land use change and/or transformation play a significant role in influencing stream water quality. The YSI/Professional-Plus, a portable water quality measurement device, was used to determine the amounts of pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total dissolved substance (TDS), ammonium (NH4-N), nitrate (NO3-N), salinity, electrical conductivity (EC), and temperature besides measuring discharge and total suspended sediments (TSS) from a total of 27 sampling points in the field. Although the results revealed that the annual mean values of all water quality parameters for all four streams were mostly in good condition, for some time and points of the measurements, several parameters were found to be above the official water quality standards due to the intensive aforementioned anthropogenic activities, particularly in the stream waters of Murgul (e.g. pH and TSS being 10,84 and 236 mg/L, respectively) and Fabrika (e.g. EC of 412 & mu;s/cm; DO of 4.44 mg/L; 14 ml of NO3-N) sub-watersheds. These outcomes indicate that these two sub-watersheds have been impacted more severely by the human-induced disturbances compared to Hatila and Godrahav sub-watersheds.
dc.description.sponsorshipScientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [3001-116O901]
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors express their gratitude to the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) for providing financial support through the project (#3001-116O901) . Furthermore, the authors express their gratitude to forest engineers Gozde OZAY and Senol OSMANAOGLU for their invaluable assistance in conducting field and laboratory research.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18827
dc.identifier.issn2405-8440
dc.identifier.issue8
dc.identifier.pmid37576210
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85169786947
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18827
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12885/6793
dc.identifier.volume9
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001052815400001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherCell Press
dc.relation.ispartofHeliyon
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WoS_20260212
dc.subjectStream water quality
dc.subjectSediment yield
dc.subjectMountainous watersheds
dc.subjectHuman-induced disturbances
dc.subjectLand use
dc.titleThe impacts of human-induced disturbances on spatial and temporal stream water quality variations in mountainous terrain: A case study of Borcka Dam Watershed
dc.typeArticle

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