How plot shape and spatial arrangement affect plant species richness counts: implications for sampling design and rarefaction analyses

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dc.authorid0000-0003-0824-1426en_US
dc.contributor.authorGuler, Behluel
dc.contributor.authorJentsch, Anke
dc.contributor.authorApostolova, Iva
dc.contributor.authorBartha, Sandor
dc.contributor.authorBloor, Juliette M. G.
dc.contributor.authorUğurlu, Emin
dc.date.accessioned2021-03-20T20:14:33Z
dc.date.available2021-03-20T20:14:33Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.departmentBTÜ, Orman Fakültesi, Orman Mühendisliği Bölümüen_US
dc.description.abstractQuestionsHow does the spatial configuration of sampling units influence recorded plant species richness values at small spatial scales? What are the consequences of these findings for sampling methodology and rarefaction analyses? LocationSix semi-natural grasslands in Western Eurasia (France, Germany, Bulgaria, Hungary, Italy, Turkey). MethodsIn each site we established six blocks of 40cm x280cm, subdivided into 5cm x5cm micro-quadrats, on which we recorded vascular plant species presence with the rooted (all sites) and shoot (four sites) presence method. Data of these micro-quadrats were then combined to achieve larger sampling units of 0.01, 0.04 and 0.16m(2) grain size with six different spatial configurations (square, 4:1 rectangle, 16:1 rectangle, three variants of discontiguous randomly placed micro-quadrats). The effect of the spatial configurations on species richness was quantified as relative richness compared to the mean richness of the square of the same surface area. ResultsSquare sampling units had significantly lower species richness than other spatial configurations in all countries. For 4:1 and 16:1 rectangles, the increase of rooted richness was on average about 2% and 8%, respectively. In contrast, the average richness increase for discontiguous configurations was 7%, 17% and 40%. In general, increases were higher with shoot presence than with rooted presence. Overall, the patterns of richness increase were highly consistent across six countries, three grain sizes and two recording methods. ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the shape of sampling units has negligible effects on species richness values when the length-width ratio is up to 4:1, and the effects remain small even for more elongated contiguous configurations. In contrast, results from discontiguous sampling units are not directly comparable with those of contiguous sampling units, and are strongly confounded by spatial extent. This is particularly problematic for rarefaction studies where spatial extent is often not controlled for. We suggest that the concept of effective area is a useful tool to report effects of spatial configuration on richness values, and introduce species-extent relationships (SERs) to describe richness increases of different spatial configurations of sampling units.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipERA-Net BiodivERsA; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF); Bulgarian Science Found; Ministere de l'Ecologie, du Developpement durable et de l'Energie (France); Bayerische Forschungsstiftungen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work is part of the project SIGNAL, coordinated by A.J., which is mainly funded by the ERA-Net BiodivERsA (http://www.biodiversa.org), with the national funders German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), Bulgarian Science Found and Ministere de l'Ecologie, du Developpement durable et de l'Energie (France) as part of the 2011-2012 BiodivERsA call for research proposals. The particular study is part of the PhD thesis of B.G., whose research stay in Bayreuth was made possible through a grant from the Bayerische Forschungsstiftung to J.D. We thank Marco Cervellini, Stefano Chelli, Kevin Cianfaglione, Kerstin Grant, Alexandre Salcedo, Desislava Sopotlieva and Jasen Stoyanov for help with the field sampling. Finally, we are grateful to Janos Podani as co-ordinating editor and three anonymous referees who, with their thoughtful comments, significantly contributed to the final quality of this article.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/jvs.12411en_US
dc.identifier.endpage703en_US
dc.identifier.issn1100-9233
dc.identifier.issn1654-1103
dc.identifier.issue4en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.startpage692en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12411
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12885/1070
dc.identifier.volume27en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000379038500005en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.institutionauthorUğurlu, Emin
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherWileyen_US
dc.relation.ispartofJournal Of Vegetation Scienceen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.subjectBiodiversityen_US
dc.subjectDiscontiguousen_US
dc.subjectEffective areaen_US
dc.subjectGrasslanden_US
dc.subjectSampling uniten_US
dc.subjectScale dependenceen_US
dc.subjectSpatial autocorrelationen_US
dc.subjectSpatial extenten_US
dc.subjectSpatial grainen_US
dc.subjectSpecies-area relationshipen_US
dc.subjectSpecies-extent relationshipen_US
dc.subjectVegetation ploten_US
dc.titleHow plot shape and spatial arrangement affect plant species richness counts: implications for sampling design and rarefaction analysesen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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