Assessing heavy metal contamination and health risks in playground dust near cement factory: exposure levels in children

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dc.authorid0000-0002-7718-0340
dc.contributor.authorBirgul, Askin
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-08T15:14:56Z
dc.date.available2026-02-08T15:14:56Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentBursa Teknik Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractHeavy metals pose significant threats to human health, particularly children. This study aimed to assess heavy metal pollution in children's playgrounds using surface dust as an indicator and to ascertain the associated exposure levels and health risks. A total of one hundred twenty dust samples were collected from the surface of playground toys in areas surrounding the cement factory in Bursa, T & uuml;rkiye, on precipitation-free days. The heavy metal content of the samples was analyzed using ICP-MS. The average total concentration of heavy metals ranged from 2401 to 6832 mg/kg across the sampling sites, with the highest values observed at PG4, PG3, PG2, and PG1, respectively. The most commonly detected heavy metals in the samples included Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, As, and Ni. Statistical analysis revealed significant positive correlations (p < 0.01) among Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Pb, As, and Ni, with Cu and Pb also showing correlation (p < 0.05). PCA analysis identified three principal components explaining 79.905% of the total variance. The Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Hazard Index values for heavy metals were found to be below the safe threshold (HQ < 1). Quantitative techniques such as the geoaccumulation index and enrichment factor are used to determine pollution levels at the sampling sites. Overall, the results indicate that cement factories significantly contribute to heavy metal pollution, with observed values varying based on proximity to the emission source.
dc.description.sponsorshipBursa Technical University
dc.description.sponsorshipNo Statement Available
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s10653-024-02144-7
dc.identifier.issn0269-4042
dc.identifier.issn1573-2983
dc.identifier.issue10
dc.identifier.pmid39167104
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85201678038
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-024-02144-7
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12885/5517
dc.identifier.volume46
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001297348700018
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.relation.ispartofEnvironmental Geochemistry and Health
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzWOS_KA_20260207
dc.subjectChildren's playground
dc.subjectEnrichment factor
dc.subjectGeoaccumulation index
dc.subjectHealth risk
dc.subjectHeavy metal
dc.subjectStatistical analysis
dc.titleAssessing heavy metal contamination and health risks in playground dust near cement factory: exposure levels in children
dc.typeArticle

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