Improving microalgae harvesting efficiency: electrochemical techniques and parameter optimization

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dc.authorid0000-0001-9031-5142
dc.authorid0000-0003-2097-7858
dc.contributor.authorYakamercan, Elif
dc.contributor.authorGuleria, Samriti
dc.contributor.authorKarimi, Mahmoud
dc.contributor.authorAygun, Ahmet
dc.contributor.authorBhasin, Aparajita
dc.contributor.authorSimsek, Halis
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-08T15:15:30Z
dc.date.available2026-02-08T15:15:30Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentBursa Teknik Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractThe harvesting microalgae is a challenging process that requires innovative and efficient technologies to make large-scale cultivation economically viable. This study investigated the effectiveness of electrochemical methods for harvesting microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. The operational parameters, such as electrolysis time, electrical current, and pH, were optimized using the response surface methodology based on the Box-Behnken design. The boron-doped diamond (BDD), aluminum (Al), and iron (Fe) electrodes were tested and compared. BDD-Al showed 99.3% of harvesting efficiency (time: 20 min, current: 100 mA, pH: 9), which is the highest value and a pH of 9. The physicochemical properties of the harvested algae, including lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, total suspended solids, and chlorophyll-a content, were examined. The content of harvested algae was found as 41.07-46.63% for protein, 5.5-16.9% for lipid, and 9.02-12.08% for carbohydrates (sugar). The chlorophyll-a concentrations varied from 6.7 to 8.36 mu g mL-1. Optimized operating conditions for electrolysis time, pH, and current were determined, and harvesting efficiency was achieved at more than 99%. Energy consumptions for the highest harvesting efficiencies were found to be 0.2, 0.35, and 0.4 kWh kg-1 for BDD-Al, Al-Al, and Al-BDD electrode pairs, respectively. These values were lower than those of conventional algae harvesting methods. The results showed that the electrochemical harvesting techniques are promising alternatives with a high harvesting efficiency and low energy consumption.
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Institute of Food and Agriculture
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, AFRI project number 2023-68016-39718. The opinions, findings, conclusions, and recommendations presented in this study are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the perspectives of the funding agencies. The authors extend their sincere gratitude to the anonymous reviewers and the editor for their valuable and constructive feedback, which significantly contributed to the improvement of this paper.
dc.identifier.doi10.1039/d5ew00518c
dc.identifier.endpage2664
dc.identifier.issn2053-1400
dc.identifier.issn2053-1419
dc.identifier.issue11
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105018611731
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage2650
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1039/d5ew00518c
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12885/5812
dc.identifier.volume11
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001573650800001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherRoyal Soc Chemistry
dc.relation.ispartofEnvironmental Science-Water Research & Technology
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzWOS_KA_20260207
dc.subjectElectro-Coagulation-Flocculation
dc.subjectWaste-Water
dc.subjectLipid Extraction
dc.subjectChlorophyll-A
dc.subjectBiodiesel
dc.subjectSolvents
dc.subjectChallenges
dc.subjectRecovery
dc.subjectSp.
dc.titleImproving microalgae harvesting efficiency: electrochemical techniques and parameter optimization
dc.typeArticle

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