Spatial variability in the ambient concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans across the Middle East
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2022
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Turkish Natl Committee Air Pollution Res & Control-Tuncap
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F) were monitored at 12 sites across four countries (Kuwait, Turkey, Lebanon and, Oman) using validated passive air samplers between January 2018 and December 2018 in an attempt to set up a monitoring network for persistent organic pollutants (POPs) across the Middle East. The highest concentrations of sigma PCDD/F were detected in Oman reflecting the proximity of the site to a steel melting company at Al-Rassil Industrial area (557 fg I-TEQ m-3) and a hospital waste incinerator at Al-Multaga (489 fg I-TEQ m-3). Elevated levels were also measured at all monitoring sites across Kuwait with average concentrations ranging from-150 fg I-TEQ m- 3 at the Shuwaikh site to-250 fg I-TEQ m- 3 at the Salmiya and Abdali sites. Levels of sigma PCDD/F at all other stations in the region were generally lower than 35 fg I-TEQ m- 3. The levels of 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF were frequently a factor of two higher compared to 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF suggesting that an additional source exists which involves the use of elemental chlorine. This study has provided the first reliable measurements of the atmospheric concentrations of PCDD/F in the Middle East providing a baseline for assessing time trends in PCDD/F in the air, one of the core matrices for the effectiveness evaluation under the Stockholm Convention on POPs.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Polychlorinateddibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), Passive sampling, Kuwait, Turkey, Lebanon, Oman, Saudi Arabia
Kaynak
Atmospheric Pollution Research
WoS Q Değeri
Q2
Scopus Q Değeri
Q1
Cilt
13
Sayı
12
