Gender-Responsive Public Transportation in the Dammam Metropolitan Region, Saudi Arabia

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dc.authorid0000-0003-3888-3913en_US
dc.contributor.authorAl-Rashid, Muhammad Ahmad
dc.contributor.authorNahiduzzaman, Kh Md
dc.contributor.authorAhmed, Sohel
dc.contributor.authorCampisi, Tiziana
dc.contributor.authorAkgün Tanbay, Nurten
dc.date.accessioned2021-03-20T20:09:17Z
dc.date.available2021-03-20T20:09:17Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.departmentBTÜ, Mühendislik ve Doğa Bilimleri Fakültesi, İnşaat Mühendisliği Bölümüen_US
dc.description.abstractThe limited availability of public transportation in Saudi Arabia leads to an increased demand for private vehicles. An increase in using private cars does not meet the global sustainability goals, e.g., reducing energy consumption and improving the air quality. Road users should be encouraged to use sustainable mobility modes, particularly public transportation, equally accessible to both men and women However, women's mobility has been somewhat limited and challenged in spatio-temporal terms, and partly due to socio-cultural barriers. This study attempts to understand the gender experience of a sample of public transport users and consider their aspirations and needs into daily mobility. A survey campaign (structured interviews and online questionnaires) was launched in the Dammam Metropolitan Region (DMR), taking four different types of respondents into account. The results suggest a predominant preference for taxis for shopping and leisure activities due to a poor public transport service, pivotally characterized by limited operational routes, hours, and infrastructure. This study ponders upon the adequacy of the supporting infrastructures and interior design of the public buses to women's needs and compare them with global best practices. The results suggest that, due to the absence of a gender-responsive design and infrastructure, women are forced to use taxis, although privacy and a sense of insecurity often become concerns when traveling alone or with children. The study results allow future research to be expanded, considering women's mobility patterns, needs, and embedded barriers by comparing the results with current transport policies, plans, and practices.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipMIUR (Ministry of Education, Universities and Research [Italy])Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) [20174ARRHT, J74I19000320008]; PRIN 2017 (Research Projects of National Relevance) programen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors acknowledge financial support from the MIUR (Ministry of Education, Universities and Research [Italy]) through a project entitled WEAKI TRANSIT: WEAK-demand areas Innovative TRANsport Shared services for Italian Towns (Project code: 20174ARRHT/CUP Code: J74I19000320008), financed with the PRIN 2017 (Research Projects of National Relevance) program. We authorize the MIUR to reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purposes, notwithstanding any copyright notations thereon. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the MIUR.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/su12219068en_US
dc.identifier.issn2071-1050
dc.identifier.issue21en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://doi.org/10.3390/su12219068
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12885/346
dc.identifier.volume12en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000589304000001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.institutionauthorAkgün Tanbay, Nurten
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherMdpien_US
dc.relation.ispartofSustainabilityen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.subjectpublic transportationen_US
dc.subjectgender-responsive designen_US
dc.subjectsustainable mobilityen_US
dc.subjectgendered needen_US
dc.subjectSaudi Arabiaen_US
dc.titleGender-Responsive Public Transportation in the Dammam Metropolitan Region, Saudi Arabiaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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