Keratin esaslı yüzeylerin elektroçekim yöntemiyle elde edilmesi, karakterizasyonu ve gaz sorpsiyon özelliklerinin incelenmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2018
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Nanoliflerden üretilen filtreler yüksek etkinlik derecesine sahiptirler. Geniş yüzey alanı, yüzey kohezyonu ve nanolifli yapının küçük boyutlu gözenekli yapısı küçük molekülleri yakalayarak filtrasyon, filtre ömrü ve temizleme etkinliklerini artırır. Bir filtrasyon malzemesi olarak da keratin toksik maddeleri, formaldehiti ve uçucu organik bileşikleri adsorbe edebilmektedir. Kapalı ortamlardaki hava kalitesi insan sağlığı ve konforunu etkileyen önemli bir parametredir ve modern insan yaşamının yaklaşık %90'ını iç ortamlarda geçirmektedir. Kapalı ortam havasında, azot oksitler, kükürt oksitler, karbon oksitler ve uçucu organik bileşikler başta olmak üzere pek çok kirletici gaz bulunmaktadır. Kirletici gazların yol açtığı baş ağrısı, boğazda iltihaplanma, kas ağrıları, cilt kuruluğu gibi etkiler, yaşam kalitesini düşürdüğü gibi, çalışan verimini de olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu tez çalışmasında, yün lifinden ekstrakte edilen keratinden elektroçekim yöntemiyle üretilmiş nanolifli yüzeylerin gaz adsorpsiyon özellikleri incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda öncelikle keratinin ekstraksiyonu için uygun metot ve optimum pH belirlenerek film formunda elde edilen keratin numuneler FTIR, TGA ve UV-VİS analizleri ile karakterize edilmiştir. Daha sonra sulu keratin çözeltileri hazırlanarak elektroçekim sistemi ile keratin esaslı nanolifli yüzeyler karışım polimeri olarak en iyi uyumu gösteren polietilenoksit (PEO) kullanılarak üretilmiştir. Kütlece %5 ve %7 oranda toplam polimer konsantrasyonuna sahip çözeltiler keratin/PEO arasındaki oran 30/70, 50/50, 70/30 olacak şekilde hazırlanmıştır. Ağırlıkça %7 polimer konsantrasyonuna sahip keratin/PEO arasındaki oran 50/50 olan numune elektroçekilebilirlik ve yüzeyden ayrılabilme özellikleri göz önünde bulundurularak optimum numune olarak belirlenmiştir. Gaz adsorpsiyonu çalışmalarında yün kumaş, yün kumaş üzerine nanolif kaplama ve tek başına nanolif numune kirletici gaz olarak kullanılan formaldehite tabi tutulmuştur. Numuneler üzerindeki formaldehit miktarı su ile ekstraksiyon metoduna yönelik TS EN ISO 14184-1 standardı kullanılılarak mg formaldehit/kg numune olarak belirlenmiştir. Tüm yüzeyler içerisinde en iyi sonucu, nanolif yüzey numunesi vermiştir. Formaldehitin adsorpsiyon kinetiği yalancı birinci derece, yalancı ikinci derece, intrapartikül difüzyonu ve elovich modelleri kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Kinetik analizler sonucunda intrapartikül difüzyon modelinin uyumlu olduğu görülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlar keratin esaslı nanoyüzeylerin kapalı ortamlardaki kirletici gaz olarak formaldehiti adsorbe edebilen filtre malzemesi olarak kullanılabilirliğini ortaya koymuştur.
The high surface to volume ratio, the high surface cohesion and the small pore dimensions of the nanofiber structures allow capturing submicron particles improving both the filtration and cleaning efficiencies, and filter life. As a filtration material keratin is a biopolymer that can adsorb and remove toxic substances such as heavy metal ions, formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds. Indoor air quality is one of the major parameters affecting human health and comfort. Modern humans spend about 90% of their lives in indoors. There are various pollutant gases, especially nitroxides, sulfur oxides, carbon oxides, and volatile organic compounds, present in indoor air. Pollutant gases cause headaches, sore throat, muscle pain, dry skin result in poor quality of life. In this thesis, the gas adsorption properties of electrospun keratin nanofiber surfaces, extracted from wool fiber, were investigated. In this context after determining the appropriate method and optimum pH, extracted keratin film samples were characterized by using FTIR, TGA and UV-VIS analyzes. Then keratin based nanofiber surfaces with polyethylene oxide (PEO) which showed the best compatibility, as the blend polymer were produced using the aqueous keratin solutions. The solutions of 30/70, 50/50, 70/30 keratin/PEO at 5 and 7 wt % concentrations of the polymers were prepared in water. The sample with 50/50 ratio between keratin/PEO at 7 wt % polymer concentration was determined as the optimum sample by taking into consideration the electrospinnability and detachability characteristics. Wool fabric, nanofiber coated wool fabric and nanofiber sample were treated with the formaldehyde as the pollutant gas during the gas adsorption studies. The amount of formaldehyde on the samples were determined as mg formaldehyde/kg sample by using TS EN ISO 14184-1 standard which is based on formaldehyde extracted partly through hydrolysis by means of a water extraction method. The best result in all surfaces was the nanofiber surface sample.The adsorption kinetics of formaldehyde was investigated using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, intraparticle diffusion and elovich models. As a result of kinetic analysis, intraparticle diffusion model was found to be compatible. The obtained results showed that keratin based nanostructures as filter materials can improve the air quality by adsorbing formaldehyde as the pollutant gas from indoor air.
The high surface to volume ratio, the high surface cohesion and the small pore dimensions of the nanofiber structures allow capturing submicron particles improving both the filtration and cleaning efficiencies, and filter life. As a filtration material keratin is a biopolymer that can adsorb and remove toxic substances such as heavy metal ions, formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds. Indoor air quality is one of the major parameters affecting human health and comfort. Modern humans spend about 90% of their lives in indoors. There are various pollutant gases, especially nitroxides, sulfur oxides, carbon oxides, and volatile organic compounds, present in indoor air. Pollutant gases cause headaches, sore throat, muscle pain, dry skin result in poor quality of life. In this thesis, the gas adsorption properties of electrospun keratin nanofiber surfaces, extracted from wool fiber, were investigated. In this context after determining the appropriate method and optimum pH, extracted keratin film samples were characterized by using FTIR, TGA and UV-VIS analyzes. Then keratin based nanofiber surfaces with polyethylene oxide (PEO) which showed the best compatibility, as the blend polymer were produced using the aqueous keratin solutions. The solutions of 30/70, 50/50, 70/30 keratin/PEO at 5 and 7 wt % concentrations of the polymers were prepared in water. The sample with 50/50 ratio between keratin/PEO at 7 wt % polymer concentration was determined as the optimum sample by taking into consideration the electrospinnability and detachability characteristics. Wool fabric, nanofiber coated wool fabric and nanofiber sample were treated with the formaldehyde as the pollutant gas during the gas adsorption studies. The amount of formaldehyde on the samples were determined as mg formaldehyde/kg sample by using TS EN ISO 14184-1 standard which is based on formaldehyde extracted partly through hydrolysis by means of a water extraction method. The best result in all surfaces was the nanofiber surface sample.The adsorption kinetics of formaldehyde was investigated using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, intraparticle diffusion and elovich models. As a result of kinetic analysis, intraparticle diffusion model was found to be compatible. The obtained results showed that keratin based nanostructures as filter materials can improve the air quality by adsorbing formaldehyde as the pollutant gas from indoor air.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Polimer Bilim ve Teknolojisi, Polymer Science and Technology
