Otokopi kağıtlarının mürekkep giderme etkinliğinin incelenmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2015
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Tarih boyunca, bilgi depolama ve aktarımında önemli bir yere sahip olan kağıt, ilerleyen teknolojiye rağmen çeşitli amaçlar için hayatın her kademesinde yer almakta, giderek tüketimi ciddi boyutlara ulaşmaktadır. Kâğıt endüstrisinde hammadde problemini azaltmak ve/veya gidermek için, sürdürülebilir ormancılık faaliyetlerinden daha ziyade, sürdürülebilir geri dönüşüm yöntemlerini geliştirmek daha uygun olmaktadır. Bu sayede ormansızlaşma, çevre kirliliğinin önlenmesi ve tüketicilerin çevre bilincinin gelişmesi noktasında büyük ilerlemeler kaydedilmektedir. Geri dönüşümde arzu edilen kağıdın elde edilebilmesi için atık kağıt üzerindeki baskı mürekkepleri ve kağıt yapımı sırasında olumsuzluk oluşturan diğer maddelerin uygun yöntemle uzaklaştırılması gerekmektedir. Bu tez çalışmasında Bursa Renkvizyon Matbaa'da tek yüzeylerine baskı işlemi yaptırılan, A4 boyutlu ofis kağıtları grubuna giren kendinden kopyalı ''Üç Yaprak Sistemi'' otokopi kağıtlarına laboratuarda hızlandırılmış ısıl yaşlandırma ve iklimlendirme işlemi yapılmış; ön denemelerle belirlenen optimum proses şartları ve kimyasal madde konsantrasyonları kullanılarak hamurlaştırılan kağıt hamurlarının mürekkebi yıkama ve flotasyon yöntemleri ile giderilmeye çalışılmış ve bu yöntemlerin; hamurun mürekkep giderme etkinliği, fiziksel direnç ve optik özellikleri üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen analiz ve testlere göre flotasyon yöntemiyle mürekkebi giderilen proseslerde artan flotasyon süresinin ilk 13 dakikasına kadar hamurun optik ve fiziksel değerlerinde yükselme olduğu ancak bu dakikadan sonra fazla bir yükselme olmamakla birlikte bazı proseslerde düşüş kaydedilmiştir. Mürekkep giderme etkinliği IE700; BH (Beyaz Hamur)'de % 90.35, SH (Sarı Hamur)'de % 79 ve YH (Yeşil Hamur)'de % 79.4'e ulaşırken, yıkama yöntemiyle mürekkebi giderilen proseslerde bu değerler sırasıyla % 94.66, % 79.91 ve % 82.12 olarak tespit edilmiştir. İşlemler sonunda kağıt, kağıt hamuru, flotasyon çamuru ve atık su analizleri yapılarak sonuçlar yorumlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Anahtar sözcükler: Atık Kağıt Geri Dönüşümü, Yıkama ve Flotasyon İşlemi ile Mürekkep Giderme, IE700 Etkinliği
Throughout history, the paper which has an important role in information storage and transferring takes part in all stages of human life for various purposes. Due to this reason, the consumption of paper is reaching serious levels in spite of advancing technology. In order to reduce and/or solve the problem of raw material in the paper industry, developing sustainable recycling methods is more suitable rather than sustainable forestry activities. Thus, major advances are recorded in the prevention of deforestation, environmental pollution, and development of consumers' environmental consciousness. In order to obtain desirable paper in recycling, ink on the waste paper and other substances which cause problem during papermaking must be eliminated by suitable method. In this thesis, self-copied "Three Leaf System" autocopy papers which were categorised to the group of A4 office paper and printed to one side in Bursa Renkvizyon Press were treated with accelerated thermal aging and air conditioning processes in the laboratory. The optimal conditions and chemical concentrations were determined by preliminary tests. In these optimal conditions, the ink of pulp which separated individual fibers was tried to be eliminated by washing and flotation methods and the efects of these methods on the efficiency of ink elimination, physical resistance and optical properties were researched. According to analysis and test results, in the processes of ink elimination with flotation methods, the optical and physical values of pulp were increased until the first 13 minutes of flotation time but after this time, there was not much change on this values and it was also observed decrease in some prosesses. While the efficiency of ink elimination IE700 reach to 90.35 % in BH (White Pulp), 79 % in SH (Yellow Pulp) and 79.4% in YH (Green Pulp), this values in the ink elimination by using washing method were determined as 94.66 %, 79.91% and 82.12 %, respectively. At the end of all processes, the analysis results of paper, paper pulp, flotation mud and waste water were evaluated. Key Words: Waste Paper Recycling, Ink Elimination with Washing and Flotation Process, IE700 Efficiency
Throughout history, the paper which has an important role in information storage and transferring takes part in all stages of human life for various purposes. Due to this reason, the consumption of paper is reaching serious levels in spite of advancing technology. In order to reduce and/or solve the problem of raw material in the paper industry, developing sustainable recycling methods is more suitable rather than sustainable forestry activities. Thus, major advances are recorded in the prevention of deforestation, environmental pollution, and development of consumers' environmental consciousness. In order to obtain desirable paper in recycling, ink on the waste paper and other substances which cause problem during papermaking must be eliminated by suitable method. In this thesis, self-copied "Three Leaf System" autocopy papers which were categorised to the group of A4 office paper and printed to one side in Bursa Renkvizyon Press were treated with accelerated thermal aging and air conditioning processes in the laboratory. The optimal conditions and chemical concentrations were determined by preliminary tests. In these optimal conditions, the ink of pulp which separated individual fibers was tried to be eliminated by washing and flotation methods and the efects of these methods on the efficiency of ink elimination, physical resistance and optical properties were researched. According to analysis and test results, in the processes of ink elimination with flotation methods, the optical and physical values of pulp were increased until the first 13 minutes of flotation time but after this time, there was not much change on this values and it was also observed decrease in some prosesses. While the efficiency of ink elimination IE700 reach to 90.35 % in BH (White Pulp), 79 % in SH (Yellow Pulp) and 79.4% in YH (Green Pulp), this values in the ink elimination by using washing method were determined as 94.66 %, 79.91% and 82.12 %, respectively. At the end of all processes, the analysis results of paper, paper pulp, flotation mud and waste water were evaluated. Key Words: Waste Paper Recycling, Ink Elimination with Washing and Flotation Process, IE700 Efficiency
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ormancılık ve Orman Mühendisliği, Forestry and Forest Engineering, Atık kağıt, Waste paper, Karbonsuz kopya kağıdı, Carbonless copy paper, Kağıt endüstrisi, Paper industry, Yeniden kazanma, Recycling
