Sounds of sustainability: acoustic characterization and soundscape assessment of an ecovillage

Abstract

This study explores how soundscapes can be used as indicators of environmental quality and sustainability in rural ecological settlements. Drawing on a mixed-method approach combining soundwalks and sound pressure level (SPL) measurements, we assess the acoustic environment of Eskikaraağaç, a Turkish ecovillage located on the banks of Lake Uluabat, a UNESCO-listed Ramsar site. The research aims to characterize the village’s acoustic profile, identify the sources and temporal patterns of environmental noise, and evaluate the implications for spatial planning and policy. Findings show that although the village benefits from a relatively tranquil natural soundscape, it is increasingly affected by anthropogenic noise, including road traffic and seasonal tourism. Average SPL levels during daytime ranged from 47.1 dB(A) in peripheral green areas to 52.8 dB(A) in the village center, which may affect both ecological health and community well-being. The soundwalk data further revealed the subjective dimensions of acoustic comfort and the local perception of environmental change. This paper argues for the inclusion of soundscape assessment in sustainability planning frameworks for rural areas and ecovillage developments. It offers evidence-based recommendations for integrating acoustic criteria into local land-use planning, thereby enhancing environmental conservation and the quality of life in ecologically sensitive communities. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.