Selülozdan hidroksimetilfurfural (5-HMF) eldesi için Si-Al esaslı katalizör sentezi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Hızla büyüyen dünya nüfusuna karşın artan enerji ihtiyacına bağlı olarak fosil rezervlerin gelecekte enerji ihtiyacını karşılayamaması önemli bir sorundur. Bu sebeple sürdürülebilir enerjiye yönelik birçok çalışma gerçekleştirilmektedir. Bu tez çalışması, son yıllarda en değerli platform kimyasalları arasında yer alan 5-HMF' nin selülozdan verimli bir şekilde üretimi için Si-Al esaslı katalizör sentezini kapsamaktadır. Sentezlenen katalizörlerin yapısal ve fiziksel özelliklerinin belirlenebilmesi amacıyla (N2 Adsorpsiyon/Desorpsiyon, FT-IR ve XRD) karakterizasyon testleri gerçekleştirildi. Mevcut sistemde mümkün olan en yüksek 5-HMF verim ve seçiciliği elde etmek için optimum reaksiyon koşullarını belirlemek, mezogözenekli ve düzenli yapıya sahip en uygun Si-Al esaslı katalizör sentezini gerçekleştirmek hedeflenmiştir. Yapılan deneysel çalışma kapsamında hem katalizör reçetesinde (orjinal, trietilamin ilaveli ve pluronik F127 ilaveli) hem de reaksiyon koşullarında (sıcaklık, fosforik asit derişimi, selüloz-katalizör oranı, reaksiyon süresi, fosfatlama sıcaklığı ve fosfatlama süresi) optimizasyonu sağlamak için çeşitli parametreler incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlarla uygun katalizör ve raksiyon koşulları belirlenmiştir. Deneysel çalışma sonucunda en yüksek 5-HMF veriminin %9,78' lik değer ile 1 M fosforik asitle optimum koşullarda muamele edilen katalizörden elde edildiği belirlenmiştir. Bunun yanısıra TEA-2P ve F127-3P katalizörleri ile de sırasıyla %9,29 ve %9,35 verim; %17,13 ve %21,73 seçicilikte 5-HMF elde edilmiştir.
In spite of the rapidly growing world population, due to the increasing energy demand, it is an important problem that fossil reserves are not sufficient for future energy needs. For this reason, many studies are performed for sustainable energy. This thesis covers the synthesis of Si-Al based catalyst for the efficient production of 5-HMF which is among the most valuable platform chemicals in recent years.Characterization tests (N2 Adsorption/ Desorption, FT-IR and XRD) were performed to determine the structural and physical properties of the synthesized catalysts. In the present system, it is aimed to determine the optimum reaction conditions in order to obtain the highest possible 5-HMF yield and selectivity and to realize the most suitable Si-Al based catalyst synthesis it have mesoporous and regular structure. In the scope of the experimental study, the most suitable conditions were examined for the optimization of both catalyst recipe (original, triethylamine added and pluronic F127 added) and reaction conditions (temperature, phosphoric acid concentration, cellulose-catalyst ratio, reaction time, phosphating temperature and phosphating time). Suitable catalyst and reaction conditions were determined with the obtained results. As a result of the experimental study, it was determined that the highest 5-HMF yield (9,78%) was obtained from the catalyst treated with 1 M phosphoric acid under optimum conditions. In addition, 5-HMF was obtained from TEA-2P and F127-3P catalysts with 9.29% and 9.35% yield, 17.13% and 21.73% selectivity, respectively.
In spite of the rapidly growing world population, due to the increasing energy demand, it is an important problem that fossil reserves are not sufficient for future energy needs. For this reason, many studies are performed for sustainable energy. This thesis covers the synthesis of Si-Al based catalyst for the efficient production of 5-HMF which is among the most valuable platform chemicals in recent years.Characterization tests (N2 Adsorption/ Desorption, FT-IR and XRD) were performed to determine the structural and physical properties of the synthesized catalysts. In the present system, it is aimed to determine the optimum reaction conditions in order to obtain the highest possible 5-HMF yield and selectivity and to realize the most suitable Si-Al based catalyst synthesis it have mesoporous and regular structure. In the scope of the experimental study, the most suitable conditions were examined for the optimization of both catalyst recipe (original, triethylamine added and pluronic F127 added) and reaction conditions (temperature, phosphoric acid concentration, cellulose-catalyst ratio, reaction time, phosphating temperature and phosphating time). Suitable catalyst and reaction conditions were determined with the obtained results. As a result of the experimental study, it was determined that the highest 5-HMF yield (9,78%) was obtained from the catalyst treated with 1 M phosphoric acid under optimum conditions. In addition, 5-HMF was obtained from TEA-2P and F127-3P catalysts with 9.29% and 9.35% yield, 17.13% and 21.73% selectivity, respectively.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kimya Mühendisliği, Chemical Engineering