Taşıt debriyaj diyafram yaylarının yük karakteristiği ve gerilme kısıtları altında sezgisel yöntemler ile optimum tasarımı
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2017
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Debriyaj Sistemleri, araçlarda daima motor ile vites kutusu arasında yerleştirilmiştir. Duruştan kalkışa geçmeyi veya hareket esnasında motor ile vites kutusu arasındaki tork akışını keserek vites kutusunda basamak değiştirilmesini mümkün kılar bununla birlikte motor torkunu ve hızını vites kutusuna iletir. Debriyaj sistemi; disk komplesi, volan ve kendi içerisinde kapak, diyafram yayı ve baskı plakasından oluşan baskı komplesinden meydana gelmektedir. Kapak, baskı plakası ve rulman ile temasta olan diyafram elemanı, yapısı gereği yay gibi davranış gösterir ve bunun yanı sıra, tork iletiminin sağlanması ve kavrama mekanizmasının tamamlanması için gerekli olan eksenel yükü oluşturur. Baskı plakası ve volan arasında bulunan disk uygulanan eksenel yükün sonucu olarak sıkışır ve kavrama mekanizması gerçekleşir. Bununla birlikte motor torku ve hızının vites kutusuna iletimi rulman temas noktası üzerinden uygulanan eksenel deplasman sonucunda kesilir. Aynı zamanda diyafram dış çapı rulmanın hareket yönüne zıt olarak hareket eder. Ayrıca diyaframın dış çapının zıt hareketi kavrama yükünün düşmesine sebep olur. Sonuç olarak, disk üzerine etkiyen kavrama yükü kalkar ve motordan vites kutusuna tork iletimi kesilir. Bu tez ile gerekli kavrama yükü ve gerilimin asgari seviyede olmasını karşılayan diyafram tasarımının optimizasyon algoritması ile daha kısa sürede ve istenen özelliklerde olması planlanmıştır. Amaç fonksiyonu ve kısıt fonksiyonları için diyafram sonlu elemanlar modeli kullanılıyorken, optimizasyon için diferansiyel gelişim algoritması seçilmiştir. Bu tez çalışmasının sonucunda debriyaj dayanımı güvence altına alınmıştır.
Clutch systems are always installed between engine and gear box on vehicle applications. Clutch systems ensure changing of gears while it is interrupted transmitted torque between engine and gear box during reengaging and engaging conditions. Moreover, It transmits engine torque and engine speed to gear box. Clutch system includes Disc assy, Flywheel and Pressure Plate Cover Assy which mainly consists of cover, pressure plate and diaphragm. Diaphgram, which has contact with Cover, pressure plate and release bearing, acts like a spring because of its structure. And besides, it generates required axial load so as to transmit torque transmission and complete engagement mechanism. Disc is compressed as a result of axial load and engagement mechanism occurs. However, Transmission of engine torque and engine speed to gear box is interrupted as a result of applied axial displacement on release bearing contact. At the same time, outer diameter of diaphgram moves on the opposite direction of movement of release bearing. Furthermore, reverse movement of outer diameter of diaphgram causes reduction of clamp load. As a conclusion, clamp load, acting on disc, removes and interrupt torque transmission from engine to gear box. In this thesis, Design of Diaphgram, which meets required clamp load and minimum stress, has been planned with optimization algorithm within short time and desired specifications. Differential evolution algorithm was choosen as optimization method while fea models of diaphgram were used for objective function and constraint functions. In consequence of this thesis, Endurance and load of Diaphgram design was secured.
Clutch systems are always installed between engine and gear box on vehicle applications. Clutch systems ensure changing of gears while it is interrupted transmitted torque between engine and gear box during reengaging and engaging conditions. Moreover, It transmits engine torque and engine speed to gear box. Clutch system includes Disc assy, Flywheel and Pressure Plate Cover Assy which mainly consists of cover, pressure plate and diaphragm. Diaphgram, which has contact with Cover, pressure plate and release bearing, acts like a spring because of its structure. And besides, it generates required axial load so as to transmit torque transmission and complete engagement mechanism. Disc is compressed as a result of axial load and engagement mechanism occurs. However, Transmission of engine torque and engine speed to gear box is interrupted as a result of applied axial displacement on release bearing contact. At the same time, outer diameter of diaphgram moves on the opposite direction of movement of release bearing. Furthermore, reverse movement of outer diameter of diaphgram causes reduction of clamp load. As a conclusion, clamp load, acting on disc, removes and interrupt torque transmission from engine to gear box. In this thesis, Design of Diaphgram, which meets required clamp load and minimum stress, has been planned with optimization algorithm within short time and desired specifications. Differential evolution algorithm was choosen as optimization method while fea models of diaphgram were used for objective function and constraint functions. In consequence of this thesis, Endurance and load of Diaphgram design was secured.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Makine Mühendisliği, Mechanical Engineering, Mekanik güç iletim elemanları, Mechanical power transmission elements, Rijit diyafram modeli, Rigid diaphragm model
