Yakın akraba göçü” ve 1989 göçü süreçlerinde Bulgaristan’dan Türkiye’ye göç eden kadınların çalışma hayatına dair deneyimleri
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Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ankara Üniversitesi KASAUM
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Göçmenliği 1970’li yıllarla birlikte kabul görmeye başlayan kadının iş piyasasındaki varlığı,
görünmezliği de barındıran bir duyarsızlığa maruz kalmaktadır. Çoğunlukla ikincil ve yedek işgücü
ya da “kadın işi” olarak tanımlanan bir pozisyonda yer bulan kadın emeği, göçmenlik söz konusu
olduğunda daha da değersizleştirilebilmektedir. Bu noktada çalışmanın odağı, kadının bir göçmen
olarak çalışma hayatındaki emeğidir. Göç öncesi ve sonrası kadın deneyimini ve çalışma olgusunu,
Bulgaristan göçmeni kadın çalışanlar üzerinden ortaya koymak, bu çalışmanın başlıca amacıdır. Bu
doğrultuda 1969-1978 arası “yakın akraba anlaşması göçü” ile 1989 göçü sürecinde Bursa iline göç
etmiş Bulgaristan göçmeni kadınlardan altışar kişilik iki grubun bilgisine başvurulmuştur.
Literatürdeki örneklerle bu çalışma bulgularının karşılaştırılması, göç ve çalışmaya dair
deneyiminin, toplumsal cinsiyet, siyasal ve ekonomik sistem ile sosyo-kültürel yapıdan etkilenerek
farklılaştığını ortaya koymaktadır. Kadınların boş vakit pratiklerinin yetersizliği, ev sahibi olma
azimleri, “çalışkan muhacir kadın” imgesini sahiplenişleri ve ikinci nesille birlikte kırılmaya
uğrayan “çalışkanlık” söylemi ise çalışmanın diğer bulgularıdır.
The presence of women in the labor market, whose immigration began to be accepted in the 1970s, is exposed to an insensitivity that also includes invisibility. Women's labor, which often takes place in a position defined as secondary and reserve labor or as “women's work”, can be further devalued when it comes to immigration. At this point, the focus of the study is women's labor in working life as an immigrant. The main purpose of this study is to reveal the women's experience and working phenomenon before and after migration through immigrant women from Bulgaria. In this direction, the information of two groups of six immigrant women who migrated to the province of Bursa from Bulgaria between 1969-1978 with “close relatives migration agreement” and during the 1989 migration period were consulted. Comparison of the findings of this study with the examples in the literature reveals that the experience of migration and work differs by being influenced by gender, political and economic system, and socio-cultural structure. The inadequacy of women's leisure practices, their determination to own a home, with their embracing the image of “hardworking immigrant woman” and the discourse of “industriousness” that has been broken with the second generation are the other findings of the study.
The presence of women in the labor market, whose immigration began to be accepted in the 1970s, is exposed to an insensitivity that also includes invisibility. Women's labor, which often takes place in a position defined as secondary and reserve labor or as “women's work”, can be further devalued when it comes to immigration. At this point, the focus of the study is women's labor in working life as an immigrant. The main purpose of this study is to reveal the women's experience and working phenomenon before and after migration through immigrant women from Bulgaria. In this direction, the information of two groups of six immigrant women who migrated to the province of Bursa from Bulgaria between 1969-1978 with “close relatives migration agreement” and during the 1989 migration period were consulted. Comparison of the findings of this study with the examples in the literature reveals that the experience of migration and work differs by being influenced by gender, political and economic system, and socio-cultural structure. The inadequacy of women's leisure practices, their determination to own a home, with their embracing the image of “hardworking immigrant woman” and the discourse of “industriousness” that has been broken with the second generation are the other findings of the study.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Bulgaristan göçmeni kadınlar, Çalışan göçmen kadın, Kadın emeği, Çalışma olgusu, Çalışma deneyimi, Immigrant women from Bulgaria, working migrant women, female labor, working fact, working experience
Kaynak
Fe Dergi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
13
Sayı
1
