Thermal performance evaluation of PCM-integrated interior shading devices in building glass facades

Abstract

This study investigates the thermal performance and energy efficiency potential of Phase Change Material (PCM)-integrated interior shading devices installed within double and triple-glazed facades. The primary aim is to explore how these systems can enhance indoor thermal comfort, reduce energy consumption, and impact natural lighting levels. A test cabin was designed to evaluate these parameters, featuring double and triple-glazed panels with integrated shading devices containing microencapsulated PCMs. The PCMs, known for their ability to store and release thermal energy through phase changes, were utilized to mitigate indoor temperature fluctuations by absorbing excess solar heat during the heating period and releasing it during the cooling period. Experimental results revealed that the combination of triple glazing, shading devices, and PCM led to significant improvements in thermal performance, reducing temperature peaks and extending the cooling period compared to systems without PCM. The integration of PCM reduced the maximum temperature difference caused by heating and cooling cycles from 26.9 degrees C to 20.1 degrees C in double-glazed windows and from 19.8 degrees C to 12.4 degrees C in triple-glazed windows. Furthermore, PCM integration was shown to delay temperature rises by acting as a thermal buffer, thus stabilizing indoor conditions and reducing the load on cooling systems. Additionally, light intensity measurements were conducted to assess the impact of the shading devices on natural daylight levels. Despite the 35 % reduction in natural lighting caused by the shading devices, the overall thermal performance and energy saving potentials were substantial, highlighting the effectiveness of PCM as a passive thermal regulation material. This study provides valuable insights into the potential of PCM-enhanced shading devices as a solution for improving energy efficiency and occupant comfort in modern buildings.