Investigation and production of non-cytotoxic TixNbxSn (x = 5,10,15,20) alloys by high-energy mechanical milling with antibacterial activity

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dc.authorid0000-0002-0163-5097
dc.authorid0000-0002-3044-7343
dc.authorid0000-0001-9441-5175
dc.contributor.authorBatibay, A. B.
dc.contributor.authorErci, F.
dc.contributor.authorKotan, H.
dc.contributor.authorKaravelioglu, Z.
dc.contributor.authorKoc, R. Cakir
dc.contributor.authorOral, I.
dc.contributor.authorEvcin, A.
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-12T21:04:50Z
dc.date.available2026-02-12T21:04:50Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.departmentBursa Teknik Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractIn this research, TixNbxSn (x = 5, 10, 15, 20 wt%) alloys were produced by high-energy mechanical alloying, and their potential applications as biomaterial were investigated through the microstructural characterizations (via XRD, SEM, and EDS analyses), mechanical tests (via hardness and elastic modulus tests), and biological studies (via antibacterial and cytotoxic tests). The alloying studies were carried out at room temperature in a highenergy ball milling for 8 h followed by a consolidation using a uniaxial pressing and 2 h pressureless sintering at 1150 degrees C. The XRD and EDS analyses showed that & alpha;-Ti, & beta;-Ti, and TiC phases were present in the microstructure after sintering at high-temperature. Hardness tests revealed a wide range of values between 384 and 723 HV depending on the alloy compositions. That is, the volume fraction of TiC phase formed during processing and the ratio of & alpha;-Ti/& beta;-Ti phases appear to control the hardness of the alloys. The elastic modulus was determined ranging from 70 to 103 GPa as a function of compositions with Ti15Nb15Sn alloy having the closest elastic modulus to the bone. The biological investigations revealed that TiNbSn alloys exhibited antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and were not cytotoxic to healthy cells, regardless of their compositions. Furthermore, the findings indicated that when the cells were subjected to various dilutions of alloy extracts, there was a noticeable enhancement in both cell proliferation and viability. These findings have the potential to pave the way for novel approaches in the creation of TiNbSn alloys as biomaterials.
dc.description.sponsorshipAfyon Kocatepe University Scientific Research Project [16. FENBIL.27]
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors express their gratitude for the financial assistance provided by Afyon Kocatepe University Scientific Research Project (grant number 16. FENBIL.27). This study is a part of A. B. Batibay's doctoral thesis. The authors also extend their appreciation to Necmettin Erbakan University Science and Technology Research and Application Centre (BITAM) for providing the necessary research infrastructure.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.mtcomm.2023.106912
dc.identifier.issn2352-4928
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85168809180
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2023.106912
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12885/6666
dc.identifier.volume37
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001068156300001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.ispartofMaterials Today Communications
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_WoS_20260212
dc.subjectMechanical milling
dc.subjectTitanium alloys
dc.subjectBiomaterials
dc.subjectElastic modulus
dc.subjectCytotoxicity
dc.subjectAntibacterial activity
dc.titleInvestigation and production of non-cytotoxic TixNbxSn (x = 5,10,15,20) alloys by high-energy mechanical milling with antibacterial activity
dc.typeArticle

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