On Deadlock/Livelock Studies Based on Reachability Graph of Petri Nets by Using TINA

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dc.authorid0000-0002-0976-239X
dc.authorid0009-0008-6459-8503
dc.authorid0000-0001-9625-5523
dc.contributor.authorUzam, Murat
dc.contributor.authorLiu, Ding
dc.contributor.authorBerthomieu, Bernard
dc.contributor.authorGelen, Gokhan
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Zhaolong
dc.contributor.authorMostafa, Almetwally M.
dc.contributor.authorLi, Zhiwu
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-08T15:15:41Z
dc.date.available2026-02-08T15:15:41Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentBursa Teknik Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractDeadlock/livelock problems can cause catastrophic results in flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) by forcing them to stop production processes at an unpredictable stage of production. Therefore, they must be handled properly in order to obtain flawless production in FMS. Petri net (PN) based deadlock/livelock studies for FMS have been widely carried out to obtain live PN models. When a PN model is live, this ensures that the modelled FMS is deadlock-free. Firstly, an uncontrolled (plant) PN model is constructed for the FMS suffering from deadlocks/livelocks. Then reachability graph (RG) analysis of this PN model is carried out to provide all possible reachable states of the modelled system. An RG of a PN model of an FMS suffering from deadlock/livelock problems can be split into the live zone (LZ) and the deadlock zone (DZ). The former is the set of system states considered to be legal (good), while the latter is the set of system states regarded to be illegal (bad). The LZ represents the optimal (maximally permissive) system behavior that must be provided by an optimal control policy. Generally, in PN based liveness studies, a liveness enforcing supervisor (LES) consisting of a set of control places (CP) is computed. Then the controlled (closed-loop) PN model is obtained by merging the plant PN model and the LES. If the number of reachable live states of the controlled PN model is the same as the ones that exist in the LZ, then the controlled model is optimal. Otherwise, it is suboptimal. The greater the number of live reachable states of the RG, the more products to be produced within the FMS. Therefore, the number of reachable live states of the controlled PN model is considered as a quality measure. It defines the behavioral permissiveness of the controlled model. In the literature, to verify the behavioral permissiveness of the PN models, the PN tool called INA (Integrated Net Analyzer) has been widely used. Recently, by means of INA, a method was proposed to compute the number of states within the LZ and the DZ of a given PN model suffering from deadlocks/livelocks. Unfortunately, INA cannot compute RGs of large PNs having a few millions of states. Therefore, in this paper by means of TINA (TIme petri Net Analyzer), an alternative faster and much more efficient method is proposed for the computation of the number of states within the LZ and the DZ for PN models with large RGs. In addition, in order to enable the development of new PN based deadlock prevention methods, further computations are also proposed. These include the computation of the set of states in the DZ, LZ and first met bad markings (FBMs) for a given PN model suffering from deadlocks/livelocks. The applicability and the effectiveness of the proposed methods are demonstrated by considering several well-known examples of FMS from the relevant literature.
dc.description.sponsorshipKing Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia [RSPD2024R1007]
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, through Researchers Supporting Project, under Grant RSPD2024R1007.
dc.identifier.doi10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3461168
dc.identifier.endpage135534
dc.identifier.issn2169-3536
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85204566119
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage135506
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3461168
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12885/5892
dc.identifier.volume12
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001327364000001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherIeee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc
dc.relation.ispartofIeee Access
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzWOS_KA_20260207
dc.subjectSystem recovery
dc.subjectComputational modeling
dc.subjectFrequency modulation
dc.subjectAnalytical models
dc.subjectPrevention and mitigation
dc.subjectPetri nets
dc.subjectProduction
dc.subjectFlexible manufacturing systems
dc.subjectFlexible manufacturing systems (FMS)
dc.subjectdeadlock
dc.subjectdeadlock prevention
dc.subjectPetri Nets (PN)
dc.subjectliveness enforcing supervisor (LES)
dc.subjectPN computation tools
dc.titleOn Deadlock/Livelock Studies Based on Reachability Graph of Petri Nets by Using TINA
dc.typeArticle

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