Akrilonitril bütadien kaplı polyester eldivenlerin mekanik ve antibakteriyel özelliklerinin araştırılması
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Tarih
2022
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Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bakteri ve virüslere gün içerisinde birçok kez maruz kalınabilinmektedir. Bu etkileşimi en aza indirgemenin yolu ise gerekli tedbirleri almaktan geçmektedir. Kişisel hijyenin yanı sıra, maske, eldiven ve dezenfektan kullanımı da önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Maske, solunum enfeksiyonunu düşürürken, temas ile bulaşın ilişkisi ise oldukça fazladır. Mikroorganizmaların temas yoluyla geçmesini engellemek için genellikle tek kullanımlık eldivenler kullanılmaktadır. Eldivenlerin ergonomik olması, koruyucu olması ve hissiyatının iyi olması sebebiyle tercih edilmesinin yanında pandemi derecesine gelen bulaşıcı hastalıklarda eldiven kullanımı artmakta, günlük hayatta dahi insanların tercihi olmaktadır. Üretimi sınırlı olan bu eldivenlerin talebin artması durumunda, sağlık çalışanları için ihtiyaçlarının karşılanmasını zor hale getirir. Tek kullanımlık eldivenler, uzun süre kullanımda ellerin hava almasını engeller ve terlemesine sebep olur. Bu sebeple gün boyunca kullanılması zordur. Büyük bir çoğunluğunu doğal lateks hammaddesi kullanılarak üretilen eldivenler, yüksek oranda alerjik tepkilere de yol açar. Özellikle tek kullanımlık olması, geri dönüşümünün mümkün olmaması, atık sorununu da yanında getirir. Tekrar kullanılabilir eldivenlerin ihtiyaç haline gelmesi bu konu üzerine yapılan çalışmaların önemini göstermektedir. Bu eldivenler bir hijyen sorunu oluşmasına sebep olabileceklerinden dolayı, bu çalışmada antibakteriyel kaplama yapılması hedeflenmiştir. Bu tez çalışmasında, uygulama alanı olarak özellikle hastanelerde temizlik görevlileri için, pandemi günlük kullanım için veya boyahane gibi boya işlerinde kullanılması üzerine yıkanabilir antibakteriyel akrilonitril bütadien kauçuk kaplamalı eldivenlerin üretilmesi, mekanik ve antibakteriyel özelliklerinin araştırılması planlanmıştır. Alternatif olarak, bu eldivenlerin kullanıldığı sağlık sektörü hariç diğer alanlarda kullanılmasının avantaj sağlayacağı, yıkanabilirliği olan ve birden daha fazla kullanılabilirliği olan akrilonitril bütadien kauçuk kaplamalı polyester eldivenlerin üretimi ve dayanım özellikleri incelenecektir. Hedeflenen çalışmanın öncelikli amacı, EN 388 "Eldivenlerin Mekanik Özellikleri" ve ISO 20743 "Tekstil-Antibakteriyel Bitmiş Ürünlerin Antibakteriyel Aktivitesinin Belirlenmesi" Standartları çerçevesinde kullanıma uygun değerleri karşılaması, ergonomik ve dayanıklı olmasıdır. Özellikle uzun süre kullanılacağı düşünüldüğünde alerjik reaksiyon vermemesi açısından kükürt, çinko dietil ditiyokarbamat (ZDEC) ve çinko 2-merkaptobenzotiazol (ZMBT) gibi vulkanizasyon hızlandırıcıları kullanılmamıştır. Çapraz bağlanma olarak iyonik bağlanma seçilmiş ve farklı oranlarda çinko oksit kullanılarak aşınma değerlerine ve ergonomiye etkisi incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, yıkamaya karşı gösterilen direnç ve antibakteriyel kalıcılık araştırılmıştır. Farklı oranlarda çinko oksit (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 ve 2.5 phr) kullanılarak aşınma dayanımı ve ergonomi olarak optimizasyon yapılmıştır. Yapılan bu optimizasyon da uygun değer seçilerek kaplanan eldivenler, 5 ardışık yıkamaya tabi tutulmuştur ve her yıkama sonrası istenilen standart değerlerinin elde edilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Yapıya eklenen çinko oksitin oluşturduğu iyonik bağlanma neticesinde eldivenin aşınmaya olumlu etkisi görülmüştür. Yıkamanın, eldivenin mekaniksel özelliklerine olan olumsuz etkisi de incelenmiştir. Kullanılan gümüş nitrat çözeltisinin 5 yıkama sonrasında eldivenlerin anti bakteriyel etkisini koruduğu görülmüştür. Mikroyapı analiz sonuçlarıda 5 yıkama sonrasında bu antibakteriyel etkinin korunduğunu desteklemektedir.
The exposition to bacteria and viruses many times a day can be observed. The way to minimize this interaction is to take the necessary precautions. In addition to personal hygiene, the use of masks, gloves and disinfectants also plays an important role. While the mask reduces respiratory infection, the relationship between contact and transmission is quite high. Disposable gloves are generally used to prevent the transmission of microorganisms by contact. In addition to the fact that gloves are preferred because they are ergonomic, protective and have a good feel, the use of gloves is increasing in infectious diseases that have reached the level of pandemic, and it is the choice of people even in daily life. If the demand for these gloves, which is limited in production, increases, it makes it difficult for healthcare workers to meet their needs. Disposable gloves prevent the hands from breathing and cause sweating in long-term use. For this reason, it is difficult to use when during the day. Gloves, most of which are produced using natural latex raw materials, also cause high allergic reactions. Especially since it is disposable and not recyclable, it brings with it the problem of waste. The fact that reusable gloves have become a necessity shows the importance of studies on this subject. Since these gloves may cause a hygiene problem, antibacterial coating is aimed in this study. In this thesis, it is planned to produce washable antibacterial acrylonitrile butadiene rubber coated gloves and to investigate their mechanical and antibacterial properties, especially for cleaning staff in hospitals, for daily use in case of pandemic or for use in paint works such as paint shops. Alternatively, the production and durability of acrylonitrile butadiene rubber coated polyester gloves, which can be used in areas other than the health sector, will be examined. The primary purpose of the targeted study is to meet the values suitable for use within the standart of EN 388 "Mechanical Properties of Gloves" and ISO 20743 "Determination of Antibacterial Activity of Textile-Antibacterial Finished Products", to be ergonomic and durable. Especially when it is considered to be used for a long time, vulcanization accelerators such as sulfur, zinc diethyl dithiocarbamate (ZDEC) and zinc 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (ZMBT) were not used in order to avoid allergic reactions. Ionic bonding was chosen as cross-linking and its effect on abrasion properties and ergonomics was investigated by using zinc oxide at different rates. In addition, resistance to washing and antibacterial persistence were investigated. Optimization was made in terms of abrasion resistance and ergonomics by using zinc oxide (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 phr) at different rates. In this optimization, the gloves coated by choosing the appropriate value were subjected to 5 consecutive washings and it was aimed to obtain the desired standard values after each washing. As a result of the ionic bonding formed by the zinc oxide added to the structure, the positive effect of the glove on abrasion was observed. The negative effect of washing on the mechanical properties of the glove was also investigated. It was observed that the used silver nitrate solution preserved the antibacterial effect of the gloves after 5 washings. Microstructure analysis results also support that this antibacterial effect is preserved after 5 washings.
The exposition to bacteria and viruses many times a day can be observed. The way to minimize this interaction is to take the necessary precautions. In addition to personal hygiene, the use of masks, gloves and disinfectants also plays an important role. While the mask reduces respiratory infection, the relationship between contact and transmission is quite high. Disposable gloves are generally used to prevent the transmission of microorganisms by contact. In addition to the fact that gloves are preferred because they are ergonomic, protective and have a good feel, the use of gloves is increasing in infectious diseases that have reached the level of pandemic, and it is the choice of people even in daily life. If the demand for these gloves, which is limited in production, increases, it makes it difficult for healthcare workers to meet their needs. Disposable gloves prevent the hands from breathing and cause sweating in long-term use. For this reason, it is difficult to use when during the day. Gloves, most of which are produced using natural latex raw materials, also cause high allergic reactions. Especially since it is disposable and not recyclable, it brings with it the problem of waste. The fact that reusable gloves have become a necessity shows the importance of studies on this subject. Since these gloves may cause a hygiene problem, antibacterial coating is aimed in this study. In this thesis, it is planned to produce washable antibacterial acrylonitrile butadiene rubber coated gloves and to investigate their mechanical and antibacterial properties, especially for cleaning staff in hospitals, for daily use in case of pandemic or for use in paint works such as paint shops. Alternatively, the production and durability of acrylonitrile butadiene rubber coated polyester gloves, which can be used in areas other than the health sector, will be examined. The primary purpose of the targeted study is to meet the values suitable for use within the standart of EN 388 "Mechanical Properties of Gloves" and ISO 20743 "Determination of Antibacterial Activity of Textile-Antibacterial Finished Products", to be ergonomic and durable. Especially when it is considered to be used for a long time, vulcanization accelerators such as sulfur, zinc diethyl dithiocarbamate (ZDEC) and zinc 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (ZMBT) were not used in order to avoid allergic reactions. Ionic bonding was chosen as cross-linking and its effect on abrasion properties and ergonomics was investigated by using zinc oxide at different rates. In addition, resistance to washing and antibacterial persistence were investigated. Optimization was made in terms of abrasion resistance and ergonomics by using zinc oxide (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 phr) at different rates. In this optimization, the gloves coated by choosing the appropriate value were subjected to 5 consecutive washings and it was aimed to obtain the desired standard values after each washing. As a result of the ionic bonding formed by the zinc oxide added to the structure, the positive effect of the glove on abrasion was observed. The negative effect of washing on the mechanical properties of the glove was also investigated. It was observed that the used silver nitrate solution preserved the antibacterial effect of the gloves after 5 washings. Microstructure analysis results also support that this antibacterial effect is preserved after 5 washings.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Polyester eldiven, Akrilonitril bütadien, Gümüş, Çinko oksit, Anti bakteriyel kaplama, Mekanik özellikler, Polyester glove, Acrylonitrile butadiene, Silver, Zinc oxide, Antibacterial coating, Mechanical properties
