Use of deep eutectic solvents based on choline chloride, urea, and lactic acid as plasticizers in low-density polyethylene films

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dc.authorid0000-0001-8888-3220
dc.authorid0000-0002-6777-273X
dc.contributor.authorKucukcakir, Ozgur
dc.contributor.authorDagdelen, Adnan Fatih
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-08T15:14:48Z
dc.date.available2026-02-08T15:14:48Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentBursa Teknik Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractThis study aims to investigate the performance of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as plasticizers in low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films and to compare them with di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). DESs were produced by mixing choline chloride with lactic acid and urea in 1:1 and 1:2 molar ratios. The prepared DESs were added to LDPE at two different ratios (10% and 30%), and films with 10 different compositions were produced by the extrusion method. The densities, viscosities, pH, volatility, and thermal values of the produced DESs were determined between 1.14 and 1.18 g/cm3, 22 and 99 mPa.s, 0.05 and 9.02, 0.7% and 18.9%, and <-70 and 63 degrees C, respectively. When the DESs were examined in terms of their bond structure, it was observed that they could be produced successfully. The LDPE films with DES were characterized by thickness, mechanical, barrier, optical, DSC, FTIR, SEM, water behavior properties, heat sealability, and overall migration (OM) properties. According to the results of some basic analyses performed on the films, the first three films with the best properties (CL1:30, CL2:30, and DEHP:30) were determined using TOPSIS from the multi-criteria decision hierarchy techniques. It was determined that the DES films with the most suitable properties had better properties than the control and DEHP films in terms of tensile strength (10-12 MPa), elongation at break (500%-545%), water vapor permeance (0.03-0.04 g/m2/h/kPa), and oxygen transmission rate (13-14 cm3/m2/day), water contact angle (>99 degrees), and UV light barrier analyses. DES did not cause any change in the DSC and OM values of LDPE films. In general, important results were obtained regarding the use of DES as effective plasticizers in LDPE films.
dc.description.sponsorshipBursa Technical University [210Y020]
dc.description.sponsorshipBursa Technical University, Grant/Award Number: 210Y020
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/pen.27121
dc.identifier.endpage1597
dc.identifier.issn0032-3888
dc.identifier.issn1548-2634
dc.identifier.issue3
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105001078577
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage1582
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1002/pen.27121
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12885/5448
dc.identifier.volume65
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001414905000001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relation.ispartofPolymer Engineering and Science
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzWOS_KA_20260207
dc.subjectcholine chloride
dc.subjectdeep eutectic solvent
dc.subjectlactic acid
dc.subjectLDPE
dc.subjectnatural plasticizers
dc.subjecturea
dc.titleUse of deep eutectic solvents based on choline chloride, urea, and lactic acid as plasticizers in low-density polyethylene films
dc.typeArticle

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