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Öğe Analysis of Multilayered Power Module Packaging Behavior Under Random Vibrations(Ieee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc, 2020) Liang, Di; Wu, Qiong; Ghaderi, Davood; Guerrero, Josep M.Solder joints are the critical components of the printed circuit boards (PCBs) in the moving electronic systems, such as satellites and automotive industries that are most vulnerable to accidental vibrations. Therefore, the reliability of these boards since they are designed to be used for long-time applications is important. Since the laboratory tests are time-consuming and require well-equipped and costly measurement devices, reliability tests are preferred to perform through the analytical methods. In this article, an analytical model based on the multilayer plate theory is presented for the random vibration analysis, and the results are obtained for the different vibration frequencies, including the natural vibration frequency. For the proposed model, the state of the PCB layer and the amount of the stress in the solder joints are investigated separately, and the normal and shear stresses are obtained through the combined sinusoidal-exponential equation. Results by the finite-element method (FEM) analysis show that the cracks form at the edge of the interconnection points of the board, and the solder and void formation and crack propagation appear in the corners of the PCB in frequencies closed to the natural vibration frequency. Reliability increases by the reduced solder height.Öğe Combination of thermal cycling and vibration loading effects on the fatigue life of solder joints in a power module(Sage Publications Ltd, 2019) Ghaderi, Davood; Pourmahdavi, Maryam; Samavatian, Vahid; Mir, Omid; Samavatian, MajidIn this work, the combination of vibration loading and thermal cycle effects on the fatigue properties of a solder joint in a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET) discrete was investigated. The fatigue mechanism under each loading mode was individually analyzed, and then according to the incremental damage superposition approach, the simultaneous effects were thoroughly studied. Under thermal cycling, the creep behavior of the solder is linked to the fatigue life. In fact, the creep accumulated strain in each thermal cycle has a straight relation to the failure time of solder joint. The origin of stress/strain in the assembly is owing to the sharp difference between coefficients of thermal expansions of the components in the electronic package. Regarding the vibration loading, the root mean square of peeling stress as a widely acceptable failure indicator was used to evaluate the vibration effects on the fatigue life. It is determined that the maximum stress is concentrated at the corner of solder layer. This result was similar to the outcomes of thermal cycling. The results also indicated that the combination of thermal and mechanical loadings accelerates the failure of the solder joint of the power MOSFET. Furthermore, the experimental and simulation studies showed similar results and approved the crack initiation at the corner of solder layer.Öğe Design and implementation of an improved sinusoidal controller for a two-phase enhanced impedance source boost inverter(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2020) Ghaderi, Davood; Padmanaban, Sanjeevikumar; Maroti, Pandav Kiran; Papari, Behnaz; Holm-Nielsen, Jens BoThis study presents a novel Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) model for a two-phase Impedance Source-based Inverter (ZSI) with a hardware prototype implementation. The high-gain feature is investigated based on an innovative mathematical model that involves fewer components and presents efficient performances. The presented topology can be applied broadly in Photo Voltaic systems, Wind Power, Fuel Cell, and Uninterrupted Power Supply topologies due to the ability of wide-range load regulation with higher duty cycles. Through Shoot (TS) and higher Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) problems can be solved by a carefully designed gate-drive circuit and proper switching frequency for the appropriate resistance against the Electromagnetic Interfaces (EMIs). One of the essential specifications of the proposed controller is working with intermediate values of duty cycles for power MOSFETs that can decrease the losses for the inverter. A set of numerical simulation and hardware results are presented for ensuring the proposed claims. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe A design for switched capacitor and single-switch DC-DC boost converter by a small signal-based PI controller(Wiley, 2022) Ghaderi, Davood; Bulut, Kübra; Tekin, HakanIn this study, a switched capacitor (SC)-based single-switch DC-DC boost converter structure operating under the high voltage gain and the low duty ratio is proposed using the PI control technique. High current and voltage stresses across the power switches and power diodes can be reduced by using the projected SC block. In addition, the proposed converter can achieve high voltage gain through shorter duty cycles, which directly reduces the voltage stress and dynamic losses in the power semiconductors. On the other hand, because the proposed converter includes a single power switch under different output powers and different loads, the control process is simpler than multiswitch structures. With the proposed converter, an output voltage of 10 times greater rather than the input voltage is obtained at 0.57 of the duty cycle. In this study, the fundamental functions of the proposed converter and the controller design steps are analyzed mathematically and tested in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the proposed topology works with a high performance at high frequency and variable load ranges. To validate the proposed converter and theoretical calculations, a 200-W prototype was established under a continuous conduction mode (CCM) working state, with 48-VDC input voltage and 400-VDC output voltage. Finally, the simulation results were tested and verified through the experimental results.Öğe Efficiency Improvement for a DC-DC Quadratic Power Boost Converter by Applying a Switch Turn-off Lossless Snubber Structure Based on Zero Voltage Switching(Kaunas Univ Technology, 2018) Ghaderi, Davood; Celebi, Mehmet; Minaz, Mehmet Recep; Toren, MuratSo as to keep the converter in small size, high switching frequencies are normally used. As a result, in higher frequencies, switching losses seriously affect the efficiency. Current and voltage stresses on power switch can be serious problems particularly in high amount of powers where MOSFET switches are generally applied. A snubber circuit can reduce or eliminate spike voltage and currents, decrease the di/dt or dv/dt values on power switch and transfer the power losses on switch to load and increases the lifelong of the switch. This study presents a method for improving the power transmission efficiency for DC-DC Cascaded Boost Converter and uses a passive snubber sub-circuit, which consists of an inductor, a capacitor, and two diodes for reducing the switching loss. The role of resonant capacitor of this structure is discharging directly through the load and is parallel with the power switch. Thus, it is effective in lossless switching and increasing the DC voltage gain of the boost converter. Soft switching is achieved through the use of a LC resonant tank circuit. The tank circuit is responsible for zero voltage switching (ZVS) and zero current switching (ZCS), eliminating the power loss in the switches appreciably. The proposed structure, done by MATLAB SIMULINK based on simulations, has shown more efficiency toward the same structure without snubber circuit. Besides, an application has been conducted in laboratory scales, and results confirm theoretical findings.Öğe Fault ride-through (FRT) capability and current FRT methods in photovoltaic-based distributed generators(Elsevier, 2020) Bayrak, Gökay; Ghaderi, Davood; Sanjeevikumar P.In this chapter, current methods used for fault ride-through (FRT) capability are examined by researching studies on the capacity of FRT in grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems after any failures. These methods have been researched to show the best strategy that can be applied for PV systems by analyzing the FRT methods currently used. FRT methods are classified as external and internal (inverter-resident) methods in the chapter. Energy storage-based methods, flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS)-based methods, and inverter-resident methods are investigated for PV-based distributed generators. Energy storage-based methods are expensive, and the life cycle of used units is short. Besides, energy storage-based methods are easy to implement. The total cost and complexity of FACTS-based methods were found to be the highest, among others. Regarding grid regulation compatibility, inverter-resident methods are highly effective, and a modified inverter controller method has been found to be the best solution among existing methods.Öğe An FPGA-based switching photovoltaic-connected inverter topology for leakage current suppression in grid-connected utilizations(Wiley, 2020) Ghaderi, DavoodThis study presents a symmetrical photovoltaic (PV)-connected inverter topology for eliminating the common-state leakage current in grid-connected inverters. A new inverter topology is introduced that minimizes the leakage current, increases efficiency, and is economically viable because it consists of six power switches and two power diodes that, compared with similar ones, consist of the same element numbers. In this inverter, power losses are lower than popular topologies such as H5, H6, and HERIC, and the voltage stresses of the switches are reduced. These features are due to the unique composition of the inverter branches and the location of the switches and diodes and the formation of a suitable freewheeling path for the current. The freewheeling path separates the alternating current (AC) side from the direct current side in the converter and cuts off the PV array leakage current to the AC grid. This will improve network reliability indices and maintain conservation standards. Finally, the content of this method is validated by comparing the proposed inverter with the existing conventional topologies. A prototype has been implemented for the performance analysis of the proposed inverter and results presented.Öğe Grid code compatibility and real-time performance analysis of an efficient inverter topology for PV-based microgrid applications(Elsevier Ltd, 2021) Ghaderi, Davood; Bayrak, Gökay; Guerrero, J.M.The integration of the Photovoltaic (PV) - based Distributed Generation (DG) Systems to the conventional electrical grid is a significant issue to achieve a confidential grid operation. This study presents a novel structure for the suppression of the common-state leakage current for PV-based inverters. It investigates the real-time performance of the inverter for the grid-code compatibility of the PV-based microgrid applications. Many of the topologies have been introduced to suppress leakage currents in grid-based Photovoltaic (PV) inverters, but most of them cannot practically reach more than 95% efficiency. The number of the components, especially the switching semiconductors, including the power switches and power diodes and the current and ripples' level in the topology filter side inductors, are essential criteria for efficiency. The proposed inverter includes six power switches and two power diodes. Since different operational states, only two power components per branch of the inverter are activated a higher efficiency than the conventional H5, H6, and HERIC converters. It presents the THD equal to 1,42 for load-connection states that is considerable. This converter can also generate pure sinusoidal current and voltage waveforms for the reactive loads, especially resistive-inductive load connections that are most common in industrial applications. As a study-case, the implemented inverter was tested under different grid conditions in the laboratory, and a real-time LabVIEW-based monitoring and grid protection system was realized within the research scope. Under/over-frequency protection and under/over voltage protection were performed to provide a reliable microgrid management system for the developed inverter. According to IEEE 929-2000 threshold values for the breakers' reaction operation under the ±10% as the output threshold voltage, the converter's performance is presented. A real-time monitoring and protection system are developed, and the developed LabVIEW analyzer has done the hardware test results. THD and spectrum analysis are also investigated in the real-time domain by the developed inverter test system. In this way, the implemented inverter's grid code compatibility is investigated in real-time, and the experimental results show that the proposed inverter is reliable for PV-based microgrid applications. © 2020 Elsevier LtdÖğe An improved step-up converter with a developed real-time fuzzy-based MPPT controller for PV-based residential applications(Wiley, 2019) Bayrak, Gökay; Ghaderi, DavoodResidential photovoltaic power plants (RPVPPs) have a wide area of utilization in PV applications. Thus, low-voltage penetration of these plants to the grid is a crucial issue for the high efficient operation of a photovoltaic (PV) system. The conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods have some drawbacks. Thus, intelligent MPPT methods are proposed in the literature to achieve these problems. This paper presents a new real-time fuzzy-based MPPT controller design for a new high gain transformer-less and single-switched power boost converter operating with different duty cycles for PV-based residential applications. The proposed structure can ensure an enhancement in voltage gain by eight times for duty cycle of 50% that is much more effective than a conventional boost converter that can gain the input voltage to two times at the output of the converter. The higher amounts of the DC voltage gain are possible by adding the novel and efficient switched capacitor (SC) blocks. The proposed control method uses designed fuzzy-based rules to control the duty cycle of the implemented power boost converter in the real-time domain. A data acquisition card is used to control the duty cycle and monitoring the PV system. The proposed fuzzy-based algorithm is performed in advanced LABVIEW software. The experimental results show that the developed fuzzy-based controller is independent of the circuit parameters and has a more reliable response for changing environmental conditions. The accuracy of the applied fuzzy-based MPPT method in the tested PV system varies between 95.8% and 99.6%.Öğe Influence of a Proposed Switching Method on Reliability and Total Harmonic Distortion of the Quasi Z-Source Inverters(Ieee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc, 2020) Hang, Liu; Subramaniam, Umashankar; Bayrak, Gökay; Moayedi, Hossein; Ghaderi, Davood; Minaz, Mehmet RecepAn Improved Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (ISPWM) technique carried out to obtain pure sine waves for voltage and current signals in Quasi Z-Sourc Inverters (QZSIs) in the load side is given in this study. This switching method can be examined to two and multi-phase approaches simply through the addition of the same controller structure to per phase. This is the main advantage of the proposed converter to obtain higher voltage gains at the output ends of this inverter. The idea is to generate a positive rectified voltage at the output point of the QZSI and positive and negative rectified voltages at the output terminals of the QZSI in two-phase approaches to improve the quality of the output voltage of the F-Bridge Inverter (FBI). These rectified voltages are applied to the Full-Bridge Inverter (FBI) block and pure sine waves to obtain the load current and voltages. 1.34% of the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) for the output voltage has been reported in the one-phase system while 0.88% of THD has been obtained in the two-phase approach. Besides, the reliability of the QZSI was tested through the Mean Time to Failure (MTTF) analysis with the values of the proposed components. The calculations show a very good result for the long-life of the converter. All experimental and simulations steps have been obtained for the same values of the components to support and confirm the accuracy and correctness of the proposed IMSPW. For the states of single-phase and two-phase converters, a 50 Hz sine-wave with 220 V and 440 V peak to peak amplitude has been acquired. Evaluations of the quality of the voltage and current waveforms related to different active (Resistive, P) and reactive (combination of Resistance and Inductance, QL) loads have been carried out. Experimental results show confirmation for all simulation and mathematical results.Öğe Influence of Directional Random Vibration on the Fatigue Life of Solder Joints in a Power Module(Ieee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc, 2019) Samavatian, Vahid; Masoumian, Armin; Mafi, Mehdi; Lakzaei, Mostafa; Ghaderi, DavoodIn this paper, fatigue life of solder joints of the power module and the printed circuit board in a power inverter under directional random vibration using the finite element method (FEM) was evaluated. Five angles of 0 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees, and 90 degrees were selected for direction of vibration loading. The simulation results showed that the outermost corner of the solder layer undergoes the maximum stress during the vibration frequencies in all the situations. In general, with the increase of input frequency, the solder joints got more susceptible to the catastrophic failure. Moreover, it was found that in lower angles of loading direction, the peeling stress is dramatically increased in the solder layer. This event can be attributed to the considerable portion of shear stress in loading directions with lower angles. The experimental results also proved the FEM simulation and showed that the void growth and coalescence, resulted by fatigue, are intensified in the lower angles of vibration loading. Overall, this paper indicates that the reliability of a power module under a normal loading (90 degrees) is the highest among all other conditions.Öğe Investigation of the Thermal Loading and Random Vibration Influences on Fatigue Life of the Solder Joints for a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor-Field-Effect Transistor in a DC-DC Power Boost Converter(Ieee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc, 2020) Li, Songgang; Subramaniam, Umashankar; Yang, Guobiao; Ghaderi, Davood; Rajabiyoun, NiloufarThis study presents the effects of the vibration and thermal cycling on the fatigue life of a power Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) in a power converter circuit. The fatigue mechanism in per loading mode was investigated separately and based on the overlap approach, the synchronous effects were analyzed. The solder creeps & x2019; attitudes are depended on the fatigue life for the thermal loops. The success of the deposited strain per thermal loop is in direct relation with the fatigue lifetime. The main source of the stress in the packaging process is the differences between the components & x2019; thermal coefficients. To evaluate the effects of the vibration on the fatigue life for the solder layers, the RMS value of the peeling stress was considered. According to the results, the maximum stress and main affected points realized at the corners of the layers. It has been identified that the assembling of the thermal effects and mechanical loads are quickened the failure rate at the solder joints for this device. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is used for the simulation and the results confirm the estimated crack formation places in the layers.Öğe Leakage current repression and real-time spectrum analysis with chirp Z-transform for a novel high-efficiency PV-based inverter applicable in micro-grids(Springer, 2020) Bayrak, Gökay; Ghaderi, Davood; Subramaniam, UmashankarOne of the most critical elements in the connection of photovoltaic (PV)-based systems used to generate electricity from solar energy is the inverter. The harmonic effects of the inverters to be connected to the grid should be as low as possible, and the total harmonic distortion (THD) should be less than 10%. A high THD value will distort the power quality on the grid side. For this reason, the THD value of the inverters in the grid connection approaches must be determined by spectral analysis to ensure that the necessary protection and improvements are made technically. In this study, a novel inverter topology, including six power switches and two power diodes, is presented, and the voltage data obtained from a grid-connected inverter are acquired in real time, and spectrum analysis is performed with the software developed with LabVIEW. The power efficiency of the proposed inverter is compared with conventional inverter types such as HERIC, H5, and H6 inverters. One of the novelty aspects of the proposed inverter topology is forming a proper freewheeling path including switches and diodes in the inverter branches that can provide a separate DC and ac components, and as a result, this prevents the following the PV side leakage currents to the ac grid side. In the spectrum analysis, the chirp Z-transformation (CZT) was used along the contours of the Z-transformation outside the unit circle. Using CZT, the z-transform was calculated for the inverter output voltage along the spiral lines in the z-plane. Besides, spectrum analysis was performed with fast Fourier transform (FFT) and compared with CZT. The results show that the CZT transformation is more efficient than the FFT algorithm and is useful in calculating a subset of FFT for a sequence. The performance of the proposed inverter is compared with conventional topologies. Hardware implementation and the output signals and the leakage current waveforms are also presented.Öğe A Modified Step-Up Converter with Small Signal Analysis-Based Controller for Renewable Resource Applications(Mdpi, 2020) Ghaderi, Davood; Maroti, Pandav Kiran; Sanjeevikumar, P.; Holm-Nielsen, Jens Bo; Hossain, Eklas; Nayyar, AnandSolar energy is one of the most important renewable sources due to its advantages such as simple structure, convenient installation, diverse applications, and low maintenance costs. Low power generation is the main concern with solar panels, so the maximum transmission of this power is a prime priority. The design of boost converters with the ability to generate high voltage gain, efficient structure, and stable and low-cost control circuits is the first step after installing these panels. This study presents a simple and high-gain design of a step-up converter, which uses only one power switch. The significance of this issue is when it will be apparent to know that each switch needs a separate control circuit and complex systems require more control topologies. In comparison with the conventional converter, the gain of the proposed converter, with the use of two additional diodes, a capacitor, and an inductor, was five times greater than the gain of a classical converter with 80% of the duty cycle. The proposed converter can solve the narrow turn-off period problem for the power semiconductor components in order to achieve higher DC voltages that are possible at higher duty cycles in classical converters. Small signal analysis of the proposed converter is presented and a controller based on steady-space matrixes is presented. The reaction of the proposed controller is considerable since a deep mathematical analysis supports this controller. The principal operations of the proposed converter and the projected controller were analyzed mathematically and verified with the help of MATLAB/SIMULINK. Additionally, hardware implementation of the proposed converter was done on a laboratory-scale around 100 W.Öğe A Multi-Level DC-DC Converter Configuration for PV Applications(Ieee, 2019) Ghaderi, DavoodIn this study, a novel method is presented for DC-DC boost converter design using PI controller's blocks. This approach reinforces the same voltage source by using two or more cascaded boost converter blocks simultaneously and is very effective in power transmission in renewable energy, resources where they produce a limited amount of power. In this converter, output voltage and current ripples are in a very low and acceptable level. The long-life is one advantage of using this circuit compared to conventional boost converters by considering the input current division at the input blocks. This structure provides us a multi-level output circuit. For example, with applying different duty cycles for blocks we can get different values of voltages in output and if we need to Time-varying voltages in different timescales, this structure can be useful. Two or more PI blocks control voltage production confronting rapid load changes by duty cycle changing and drive MOSFETs and restrict output voltage ripple. Simulation for the proposed configuration has been done by MATLAB/SIMULINK and results are confirming the mathematical analysis.Öğe A multi-phase impedance source inverter with an improved controller structure(Springer, 2020) Ghaderi, Davood; Molaverdi, Dina; Kokabi, Alireza; Papari, BehnazImpedance source inverters (ZSIs) have many advantages like the ability to work as a buck or boost inverter and work with different renewable energy sources and can be applied as a voltage source or current source inverter. The switching circuits of ZSI normally are complicated and hard to be implemented. In this paper, a modified sinusoidal pulse width modulation method for ZSI block is presented based on an optimized mathematical model in order to switch the power components of this inverter. The proposed switching structure can be extended to more than one phase, by using the combination of the step-up converter, ZSI networks with the same switching topology for per phase and a full bridge inverter block in order to present a pure sinusoidal wave in the structure's output especially for resistive and inductive loads which are the real and industrial types of the loads. The Boost converter has been applied in our proposed structure in order to enhance the level of the generated voltages by RESs. Due to the ability to increase the voltage across the wide range, good resistance to electro-magnetic interference, acceptable total harmonic distortion value of the waves and immunity through shoot, this converter can be used extensively in PV systems, cell fuel, wind power and UPS systems. One of the most important specifications of the proposed switching method is working with low and intermediate values of duty cycles for power MOSFETs that can decrease the dynamic losses of the inverter. A wide range of mathematical analysis and simulations have been done to explain the proposed method, and experimental results confirm the theoretical analysis by a 100 W laboratory prototype.Öğe A Novel Mathematical Analysis for Electrical Specifications of Step-up Converter(Univ Osijek, Tech Fac, 2019) Ghaderi, Davood; Bayrak, GökayThis study presents a unique comprehensive mathematical model for both transient and steady states of the step-up power converter in order to structure physical aspects evaluations. The main disadvantage of different existence mathematical models such as impedance, small signal analysis and steady space average models is that they use numerical analysis methods or simplification solutions that lead to approximate analysis. Therefore, the physical behaviours of the system such as inductor current, output voltage and physical effects of components will not be accurately predictable. This study presents very accurate equations and all aspects of the structure are predictable. In our research, this issue is investigated in Laplace and Z domains using the output-to-input transfer function calculations, and the effect of converter circuit elements is assessed using equations obtained. For extracting the transfer function, initial values are calculated in the Z domain and based on the final value theorem, converter output voltage and input current have been calculated. Effects of converter components on capacitor voltage and input current ripples have been analysed and reported. In the final step, results of the theoretical analysis were confirmed by simulation results obtained in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment and implementation on a prototype in laboratory scales.Öğe A Novel Step-Up Power Converter Configuration for Solar Energy Application(Kaunas Univ Technology, 2019) Ghaderi, Davood; Bayrak, GökayRenewable Energy Sources (RES) including full cells, wind turbines, and photovoltaic panels, widely are spreading. Among all the renewable energy sources, solar power generation system tops the list. The first choice is the boost converter when the voltage step-up is the issue. But the most important subject is applying an efficient structure with high gain, cheap and quick controller circuit. Our proposed cascaded boost converter is one of such converters which consists of several cheap components such as diode, inductor, capacitor and power switch, which has same switching frequency and phase shift in comparison with conventional boost converters. In comparison with the classic cascaded boost converter, the voltage gain for the proposed structure is very high and by forming a preamplifier layer, for a duty cycle of 80 % by adding only two diodes, one inductor, and one capacitor for the second block, voltage gain is increased by 5 times compared to the classic boost converter. The proposed method provides the increased output voltage along with the duty cycle. The projected strategy has been verified with the help of Matlab/Simulink. Also, a hardware implementation of the proposed converter has been done around 200 W by applying a Jiangyin HR-200W-24V type solar panel.Öğe Performance Assessment of a High-Powered Boost Converter for Photovoltaic Residential Implementations(Kaunas Univ Technology, 2019) Ghaderi, Davood; Bayrak, GökayThis paper introduces a new boost converter operating in several duty cycles with a high powered and no transformer design for Photovoltaic residential implementations. The proposed converter is performed without any extra power switch by a voltage pre-amplifier unit between the input inductor and the power switch and is derived with a simple structure. The designed converter provides a voltage gain by 38 times for the operation of 90 % of the duty cycle. This condition shows that the proposed converter has more efficient compared to the conventional boost converters. Besides, a higher amount of DC gain is possible by adding a cascade blocks connection of switched-capacitor (SC) in the converter's output. The operational principles are evaluated to justify the utility of converter for residential PV systems in the study. Also, a 200 W powered prototype converter is implemented by applying a commercial PV panel in the laboratory. The experimental results confirm both the mathematical and simulation results.Öğe A PID-Fuzzy Based Controller for Three-Phase Solar Network(Ieee, 2019) Ghaderi, DavoodIn this study, by considering the importance of the Renewable Energy Sources applications, especially photovoltaic panels, a PID-Fuzzy based controller in order to Maximize Power Point (MPP) of the inverters connected to the power network for the three-phase approach is designed. Solar arrays are connected to a three-phase network by a full-wave SCR thyristor inverter. Here, the gain of the PID controller is determined by the fuzzy controller performance and the thyristor's fire angles are adjusted in a way that the three-phase solar network can operate at maximum power under any conditions. In this design, the solar arrays and the three-phase network by the MATLAB/Simulink have been simulated and the results are reported.
