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Öğe Effects of alkyl-ketene dimer on physical, mechanical and formaldehyde emission properties of particleboard produced with melamine-impregnated paper waste(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Basboga, Ibrahim Halil; Basboga, Hulya Varlibas; Tasdemir, Cagatay; Atar, Ilkay; Yuce, Ozcan; Karademir, Arif; Mengeloglu, FatihThis study aimed to enhance the physical properties and the weak heat transmission of the core layer, which are the weak points of particleboard produced using melamine-impregnated paper waste (MIPW) as an adhesive. Alkyl-ketene dimer (AKD) and paraffin were used as water-repellent chemicals. MIPW was used as an adhesive, and no additional resin was used. As a result of this study, the samples' physical properties improved with AKD and paraffin's existence. Moreover, it has been approved that AKD is more effective than paraffin in improving the physical properties of the particleboard because AKD improves ester bonding with hydroxyl groups of cellulose fibers. The usage of water repellents resulted in the improvement of internal bond (IB) properties. It was determined that the type and amount of water-repellent chemicals significantly affected the mechanical and physical properties and formaldehyde content of the produced particleboards, except for bending properties. Just the chemical type was found to be significantly effective on bending strength (BS) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) properties. Overall, the study findings suggested that AKD might be successfully utilized as a water-repellent chemical in particleboard manufacturing, while MIPWs used as an adhesive.Öğe Polypropylene-based Composites Reinforced with Waste Tropic Wood Flours: Determination of Accelerated Weathering Resistance, Tribological, and Thermal Properties(North Carolina State Univ Dept Wood & Paper Sci, 2023) Basboga, Ibrahim HalilThis study investigated the effects of Iroko wood flour (WF) and nano -titanium dioxide (TiO2) concentration on the properties of polypropylene (PP)-based composites, including accelerated weathering resistance, tribological behavior, thermal stability, physical characteristics, mechanical strength, morphological features, color changes, and surface roughness. The results showed that the presence of WF and TiO2 significantly influenced the density, hardness, thermal stability, crystallinity, coefficient of friction, and wear rate of the composites. Both fillers positively impacted the tensile strength, flexural strength, and flexural modulus of the composites, although the elongation at break values decreased. TiO2 addition enhanced thermal stability and protection against UV radiation, whereas using wood flour negatively affected color properties. Moreover, the surface roughness of the composites was affected by weathering time and wood flour content. These findings highlight the potential of WF and TiO2 as effective fillers for enhancing PP-based composites' properties and weathering resistance.Öğe Surface Quality of Wood Plastic Composites as Function of Water Exposure(Mdpi, 2020) Taşdemir, Cağatay; Basboga, Ibrahim Halil; Hiziroglu, SalimThe objective of this study was to evaluate the surface quality of experimentally manufactured wood plastic composite (WPC) samples exposed to water soaking. Eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginianaL.), which is one of the invasive species in Oklahoma, USA, and recycled plastic were used to manufacture WPC samples. Three types of samples, namely with 0%, 3% and 6% nano-clay were soaked in water for up to one month. Stylus-type equipment was employed to evaluate their surface roughness as a function of water exposure. Two accepted roughness parameters, average roughness (R-a) and mean peak-to-valley (R-z), were used to determine changes in the surface quality of the specimens due to water exposure. Average roughness values of 1.5 mu m and 4.1 mu m were determined for the samples with no clay in dry conditions and those soaked for one month in water, respectively. Corresponding values were lower in the case of those with clay in their content. Based on the findings in this work, it appears that the stylus technique can be successfully applied to such samples to quantitatively evaluate their surface quality when they are exposed to water for an extended time span. It is expected that data from this work could help to produce a better understanding of the behavior of WPCs under environmental conditions.Öğe Utilization of different size waste melamine impregnated paper as an adhesive in the manufacturing of particleboard(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2023) Basboga, Ibrahim Halil; Tasdemir, Cagatay; Yuce, Ozcan; Mengeloglu, FatihIn this study, the efficiency of waste melamine impregnated paper (WMIP) as an adhesive; effects of WMIP usage with different sizes and amounts as a resin in three-layer particleboard manufacturing on mechanical, physical, surface roughness properties and formaldehyde emission values were investigated. Three-layer particleboards were manufactured with three different sizes (small, medium and large) and four different rates (10, 15, 20, 25% of total board weight) of WMIP. Mechanical (bending strength, modulus of elasticity, internal bond strength, surface soundness, screw withdrawal strength), physical (density, thickness swelling, water absorption, Brinell hardness, and surface roughness) properties and formaldehyde contents of the samples were determined ac-cording to relevant standards. As a result of the study, it was determined that WMIP still has some uncured adhesive with curing ability in it. The size and amount of WMIP had a statistically significant effect on the particleboard properties (Mechanical, Physical Formaldehyde emission and surface roughness). While the me-chanical and physical properties improved as the amount of WMIP increased, these values deteriorated as the size of the WMIP increased. The best mechanical and physical results were obtained by using small-size WMIP at the rate of 25% and all the panel groups produced with small-size WMIP (except 10% ratio) have achieved the mechanical values required in the standard. In all particleboard groups produced, only the one with 25% of the small-size WMIP used group was provided with the standard requirements for thickness swelling properties. For optimal performance (the least rough surface characteristics), the formulation of the panels should contain small WMIP sizes and a 20% WMIP ratio. The findings also showed that increasing the WMIP ratio has resulted in better mechanical properties. Through this study, some technological properties of three-layer particleboard produced with WMIPs were determined and potential utilization of WMIPs in particleboard manufacturing as an adhesive was demonstrated.












