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Öğe Estimating the economic value of timber products potentially saved from wildfires by improving forest road standards(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2024) Erkan, Nesat; Akay, Abdullah E.; Bilici, Ebru; Ucar, Zennure; Guney, C. OkanThe aim of this study was aimed to estimate the economic value of timber products from the forest stands that are potentially saved from wildfires after improving road standards. The study was implemented in the Alanya Forest Enterprise Directorate (FED) in the Mediterranean city of Antalya, Turkey. In the solution process, the possible increase in the accessible forest areas with improved forest road standards was investigated by using GIS-based network analysis methods. In the next step, the timber production in the forest areas potentially saved from the wildfire was calculated based on parameters such as site index, rotation period, and stand structure. Then, the economic value of timber product types was calculated using market prices. The results indicated that increasing the design speed on improved forest roads reduced the arrival time of firefighting teams to the forests, which consequently increased the accessible forest areas within the critical response time. It was found that the accessible forest areas within the critical response time increased from 47,231 hectares to 59,354 hectares when standards of the forest roads were improved. This saved 12,123 hectares of additional forest area from the wildfire in the Alanya FED. The cost of road improvement activities was estimated at US$ 2,286,998. It was calculated that the total timber products obtained from the forest area potentially saved was about 94,721 m3, and worth US$7,545,579 at market prices. The results can be used by policymakers in determining the potential investments in improving forest road standards to enhance the efficiency of firefighting activities.Öğe Helicopter Logging Method for Reduced Impact Timber Harvesting Operations*(Forest Engineering and Technologies Platform, 2016) Akay, Abdullah E.; Bilici, EbruTraditional timber harvesting methods can result in serious impacts on vegetation structures, soil properties, and biodiversity in forested areas. Helicopter logging provides important advantages of implementing environmentally friendly harvesting techniques. However, the cost of helicopter logging can be much higher than that of ground-based logging due to high equipment costs, maintenance costs, the cost of flight crew, and fuel costs. Thus, the helicopter logging operation should be carefully planned to implement cost effective and environmentally friendly logging operations. In this study, the stages of helicopter logging and operational factors were first described, and then the operation cost, environmental concerns, and safety practices in helicopter logging were discussed. It can be concluded that the helicopter logging can be effectively used for extraction of timbers especially from environmentally sensitive areas where road construction and logging operations are restricted. In fact, helicopter logging may be the only option to solve timber extraction problems in difficult terrains with steep slope.Öğe Importance of geotechnical soil properties for precision Forest activities in a karst area(Elsevier, 2024) Dindaroglu, Turgay; Vermez, Yasin; Gundogan, Recep; Yakupoglu, Tugrul; Gunal, Hikmet; Akay, Abdullah E.Some soil behaviors change significantly as water content varies over time. The particle size distribution of soils has a direct impact on mechanical properties such as soil water content, resistance to dispersion, swelling-shrinkage, fluidity, plasticity, and stickiness. This study was conducted to investigate the usability of Atterberg limits, consistency index and coefficient of linear extensibility (COLE) in the temporal planning of ecosystem restoration activities such as silvicultural interventions, tillage, afforestation, and the construction of forest roads, etc. Surface soil samples were collected from the sections numbered 263, 264, 266, 268, 317, 318, 319, 323, 324,325 and 366 of the degraded forest of the And & imath;r & imath;n forestry operations department. The COLE, liquid limit (LL), plastic limit (PL), plasticity index and consistency index values of soil samples were determined. The LL values ranged from 17.5 to 62.4%, the PL values from 8.2 to 46.8% and the PI values from 6.4 to 15.5. The highest COLE value (0.13) was recorded in the section 318, while the lowest COLE value (0.03) was in section 325.The LL and PL values have a positive linear relationship with clay and organic matter content. All sections have karstic characteristics, but the mechanical characteristics of the soils differ significantly between the sections. Silvicultural interventions carried out especially in section 318, which had the lowest consistency index (Ic = 0.70), and sections 263, 264, 317 and 319, where the consistency index is >2,should take mechanical properties into account, and the planting time intervals should be determined, accordingly for sustainable forestry.Öğe Mapping the probability of Forest fire in the Mediterranean region of Türkiye using the GIS-based fuzzy-AHP method(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2025) Ucar, Zennure; Guney, Coskun Okan; Akay, Abdullah E.; Bilici, Ebru; Erkan, NesatForest fires have increased in frequency, intensity, and extent significantly worldwide due to climate change and human activities, particularly in the Mediterranean region. Fire-prone areas should be determined primarily to take precautions against forest fires and reduce their ecological, economic, and social impact. This study aimed to determine the spatial distribution of forest fire probability for the Antalya Regional Directorate of Forestry (RDF), highly vulnerable to forest fires. The forest fire probability map was generated using the GIS-based Fuzzy-AHP method, prioritizing decision criteria, including stand characteristics, topographic features, meteorological parameters, and proximity to anthropogenic structures. The results indicated that the most important factors influencing the fire were tree species, development stage, and proximity to road networks. The generated map showed that 45.82% of the forests in Antalya RDF were in the very high class, while 15.82% were in the high-level class. The fire probability map, validated using the Area Under Curve (AUC) method, offered promising and acceptable results above 0.7. The Fuzzy-AHP method, when integrated with GIS techniques, effectively predicts fire probability levels in fire-sensitive forests. This method will empower fire managers to develop and implement strategies that enhance forest fire resilience by predicting areas with high fire probability.
