Difficulties in Thin Film Synthesis

Abstract

Thin films have been used in a wide range of applications in recent years, such as the electronics industry like biosensors, wearable electronics, organic field-effect transistors, infrared or microbolometer detectors, and optoelectronic and electrochromic devices; the energy industry such as solar panels and transistors; the biomedical industry such as wound healing devices; and the food package industry such as primary or secondary packages and engineered plastics such as conductive or insulator polymers. Some of the most used techniques in thin film synthesis can be listed as solving casting, spin coating, dip coating, sputtering, spray pyrolysis, molecular beam epitaxy, ionic layer absorption, thermal evaporation, and physical and chemical vapor deposition. Thin films have many disadvantages and advantages in terms of the materials and methods they are synthesized. These difficulties have both such limits and differentiate in the application of areas of the thin films. In this study, the difficulties associated with the synthesis of thin films and their related characterizations have been analyzed by reviewing the literature, and results located in the literature were evaluated and compared with each other. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021. All rights are reserved.