Contradiction-oriented exploration: A dual-track methodology combining OTSM-TRIZ and the Six-Box Scheme

Abstract

Complex problems do not just ask for better answers; they ask for better ways of thinking. Accordingly, complex socio-technical design problems require integrated approaches that simultaneously address technical contradictions and human-centered processes. This study introduces contradiction-oriented exploration (COREX), a dual-track methodology designed to solve complex design problems involving both technical systems and human behavior. This approach combines two powerful tools: (i) The General Theory of Powerful Thinking-Theory of Inventive Problem Solving, which focuses on identifying and resolving system-level contradictions; and (ii) The Six-Box Scheme, which provides a user-centered, process-based framework for creative problem solving. By linking contradiction analysis with recursive exploration and real-world testing, this approach helps teams move from unclear user needs to structured innovations. The method was applied in a research and development setting focused on adaptive seat design. Participants followed a procedure that included problem modeling, contradiction identification, and inventive solution development. Results showed that COREX helped teams address design trade-offs more effectively than when using either method alone. The feedback cycles allowed for continuous improvement and system refinement. Overall, the methodology offers practical value for design teams working in emerging socio-technical domains by supporting both analytical thinking and creative ideation in an integrated process. © 2025, Society of Sytematic Innovation. All rights reserved.