Examination of Re-Functionalized Museums in the Context of the Principles of Universal Design: Bursa

Abstract

Museums should be open to the experiences of all users without any discrimination. Universal design that includes everyone is critical for identifying how users with different physical and mental characteristics experience spaces. This study aimed to evaluate the status of re-functionalized museums in the context of the principles of universal design. This study employed observation and on-site inspection to evaluate whether the re-functionalized museums in Bursa satisfied the principles of universal design. The sample consisted of seven museums under active preservation. The museums were assessed based on seven principles established by the Centre for Universal Design at North Carolina State University. The buildings in question originally had different functions. They were then re-functionalized into museums. However, the results show that users cannot experience the museums as much as they should. Although the museums have reasonable adjustments for disabled access, those adjustments do not allow users with diverse abilities to use the spaces without discrimination and assistance. Museums nurture their users culturally and socially. In return, users develop a sense of belonging to the society in which they live. When repurposing old buildings, architects and designers should not only focus on accessibility but also on inclusiveness. Therefore, they should make sure that their designs comply with the principles of universal design. Repurposing should focus on melting cultural heritage and universal design in the same pot and meeting user needs while avoiding damaging cultural heritage.