COMPOSITION OF ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES AND CHEMICAL COMPONENTS OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM FLOWERS AND LEAVES OF Pyrus elaeagnifolia Pallas IN TURKEY

Abstract

Gumushane region in Turkey is rich in plant diversity. The flowers and leaves of Pyrus elaeagnifolia Pall. plants that will form the basis of this research were collected from the places determined. In this study; the essential oils of flowers and leaves of P. elaeagnifolia plants were obtained by hydrodistillation method in a Clevenger type device. The chemical composition of volatile oils diluted with hexane were determined by analyzing with a GC-MS/FID instrument. The quantity of antioxidant activity of the obtained essential oils was determined by total phenolic content, free radical scavenging amounts, total flavonoid content, total antioxidant content, free radical scavenging capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power capacity according to methods. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils was determined against 23 different microorganisms by disc diffusion method. As a result; essential oil yields in percentage are 0.44% and 0.72% in the flowers and leaves of the P. elaeagnifolia. Chemical classes with the highest percentage of compounds in essential oils of plant parts: Hydrocarbons (79.77%) and aldehydes (33.31%) were detected in the flowers and leaves of the P. elaeagnifolia. In addition, the main components found in essential oils are tricosane (36.98%-15.89%) in the flowers and leaves of the P. elaeagnifolia. The determination of antioxidant activity obtained from samples collected from plant parts was determined total phenolic substance amounts in the range of 48.57-68.32 mg GAE/100 mL, free radical scavenging amounts between 9.52-40.95 mg AA/100 mL, flavonoid substance amounts in the range of 1.34-3.95 mg QE/100 mL, total antioxidant amounts in the range of 66.93-185.10 mg AA/100 mL, free radical scavenging capacity between 23.40-81.02 mg AA/100 mL and FRAP capacity in the range of 4.20-10.50 mg FeSO4/100 mL. According to the results obtained with total phenolic content, free radical scavenging amounts, total flavonoid content, total antioxidant content, free radical scavenging capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power capacity was determined the highest antioxidant properties in leaves of P. elaeagnifolia. According to the results of the antimicrobial activities analysis obtained from the collected samples of plant parts, it was determined that only the flowers of P. elaeagnifolia show antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms used.