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Öğe An Overview on Tall Buildings from The Point of Structural Engineering(Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi, 2019) Yüksel, İsaTall building construction has increased rapidly in Turkey especially in metropolitans such as Istanbul, Ankara, and Bursa. These buildings are subjected to different kinds of loads during its construction and service life time. Substantial load types affecting to tall buildings are gravity loads, seismic and wind loads, and other special loads. Modern lightweight and high strength materials, new force resisting structural systems, shock absorption systems, structuring combinations reveals different solutions to engineers and architects for design and constructing tall buildings. The aim of this paper is to review structural form, wind and earthquake loads on tall buildings from the point of structural engineering. At first, the effect of building form to building aerodynamics is examined. Then the loads, selection and arrangement of the major structural elements to resist loading combinations containing gravity, earthquake, and wind loads on tall buildings are discussed. In addition, the new provisions are reviewed that given in TBEC-2018, which is the first national code comprised special regulations for tall buildings in Turkey.Öğe BİR YÜKSEK BİNA ÖZELİNDE ASCE-7-16 VE TS-498 STANDARTLARINA GÖRE HESAPLANAN RÜZGAR YÜKLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI(Isparta Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi, 2022) Sever, Ali Ekber; Yüksel, İsaBu çalışmada yüksek bir binaya etkiyen rüzgâr yükleri araştırılmaktadır. Bu amaçla, seçilen bir örnek bina modeline etkiyen rüzgâr yükleri ASCE 7-16 ve TS 498 standartları kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Her iki standardda verilen prosedüre göre hesaplanan ön duvar, arka duvar ve çatıda oluşan rüzgar yükleri ile bu yüklerden meydana gelen bina taban kesme kuvvetleri ile devrilme momentleri karşılaştırılmıştır. ASCE 7-16 ve TS 498 standartlarına göre hesaplanan; ön duvar, arka duvar ve çatıda oluşan rüzgar yükleri ile bu yüklerden meydana gelen taban kesme kuvvetleri ile devrilme momentlerinin birbirinden oldukça farklı olduğu görülmüştür. Bu farklılıklar tek bir nedene bağlı olmayıp, ASCE 7-16 ve TS 498 standartlarının rüzgar yükü hesabında göz önünde bulundurduğu parametrelerden kaynaklanmaktadır.Öğe Eğik Eğilme Etkisindeki Betonarme Kolonların Moment-Eğrilik İlişkisi için Yapay Sinir Ağ Modeli(Gazi Üniversitesi, 2022) Sakcalı, Gökhan Barış; Yüksel, İsaYapı sistemlerin doğrusal olmayan analizinde kesit analizi, önemli bir yer tutar. Betonarme kesitlerin analizi, çok sayıda değişkene ve doğrusal olmayan malzeme modeline bağlı olarak, karmaşık iterasyon yöntemleriyle gerçekleştirilir. Bu nedenle, moment-eğrilik bağıntısının el hesabıyla yapılması pratik değildir. Kesit analizi yapabilen programların ortaya çıkmasıyla ve bazı programlara da kesit analizi yapabilme özelliği eklenerek bu sorun bir ölçüde çözümlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, eksenel yük ve eğik eğilme etkisindeki betonarme dikdörtgen kesitlerin analizini gerçekleştirebilen bir program geliştirilmiştir. Bu programla farklı kesit özelliklerine sahip kolonların kesit analizi gerçekleştirilmiş ve moment-eğrilik ilişkileri belirlenmiştir. Bu ilişkiler pekleşmesiz ikili doğrusal moment-eğrilik ilişkisine dönüştürülmüştür. Bu ilişki kullanılarak; kesitin akma eğriliği, göçme eğriliği ve akma momenti belirlenmiştir. Bu bilgiler ışığında, girdi ve çıktı parametreleri kullanılarak bir YSA modeli eğitilmiştir. Eğitimin ardından, analitik ve YSA modeli karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, eğik eğilme altındaki dikdörtgen kesitli betonarme kolonların moment-eğrilik ilişkisini belirleyebilen YSA modeli önerilmiştir.Öğe EUROCODE 1-4 STANDARDINA GÖRE KÖPRÜ TABLİYE RÜZGÂR YÜKÜNÜ ETKİLEYEN PARAMETRELERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ(Isparta Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi, 2022) Sever, Ali Ekber; Yüksel, İsaBu çalışmada betonarme köprü tabliyelerine etkiyen rüzgar yüklerini etkileyen parametreler araştırılmaktadır. Söz konusu parametrelerin neler olduğu, bunların tabliyeye etkiyen rüzgar yükünü ne mertebede değiştirdiğinin tespiti yapılacaktır. Bu amaçla EN 1991-1-4 (Eurocode -1-4) standardı esas alınarak köprü tabliyelerine etkiyen x doğrultusundaki rüzgar yükleri hesaplanmıştır.Öğe Başlıksız(Springer, 2017) Yüksel, İsaUse of by-products from the steelmaking process can play an important role in achieving sustainable development. The available literature suggests that the use of iron and steel industry slags as mineral admixture or partial replacement of cement improves the microstructure of the concrete as well as its mechanical and durability characteristics. This paper reviews utilization of steel slag (SS) in the construction industry by considering current and possible future utilization fields, advantages of SS usage, and problems associated with its use. Strength and durability evolution of concretes or mortars containing SS in different ratios as aggregate or cement replacement material, combined use of ground granulated blast furnace slag with SS, and some relatively new fields of utilization of SS are also addressed. Improvements in and results of SS utilization in cement and concrete are discussed by addressing its beneficial effects. This article could help researchers to understand the recent developments in evaluation of SS in the construction industry.Öğe Başlıksız(Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2017) Bilir, Turhan; Yüksel, İsa; Topcu, Ilker Bekir; Gencel, OsmanAbrasion resistance is one of the most important durability properties of concrete. Especially, highway, airport and industrial floor pavements should be resistant to abrasion. Recently, many research studies have been carried out on the utilization of industrial by-products in concrete. Granulated blast-furnace slag (GBFS) and bottom ash (BA) are two of these by-products. BA is not generally utilized in concrete and has a limited usage. It is mostly dumped, leading to additional costs and environmental problems. On the other hand, both GBFS and BA have potential for concrete production to provide sustainability. They can substitute fine aggregate thanks to their positive effects on concrete durability. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the abrasion resistance of concretes produced with GBFS and BA substituting fine aggregate. Three different concrete series were produced by replacing fine aggregate with GBFS, BA and both of them by mixing them at equal ratios. The replacement ratios of by-products were 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% by volume. Compressive strength and Bohme abrasion tests were conducted on series. Results were compared to each other. It can be said that abrasion resistance can be improved by these by-products.Öğe Başlıksız(Techno-Press, 2015) Yüksel, İsaRebar corrosion in concrete is one of the main causes of reduction of service life of reinforced concrete buildings. This paper presents the influence of rebar corrosion on the structural behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings subjected to strong earthquake ground motion. Different levels of rebar corrosion scenarios were applied on a typical four story RC frame. The deteriorated conditions as a result of these scenarios include loss in cross-sectional area and loss of mechanical properties of the reinforcement bars, loss in bond strength, and loss in concrete strength and its modulus of elasticity. Dynamic analyses of the frame with different corrosion scenarios are performed with selected strong earthquake ground motion records. The influences of degradation in both concrete and reinforcement on structural behavior are investigated by comparing the various parameters of the frame under different corrosion scenarios with respect to each other. The results show that the progressive deterioration of the frame due to rebar corrosion causes serious structural behavior changes such as change in failure mode. The intensity, propagation time, and extensity of rebar corrosion have very important effects on the level of degradation of steel and concrete, as well as on the earthquake behavior of the structure.Öğe Başlıksız(Techno-Press, 2013) Yüksel, İsa; Coskan, SedaThis paper investigates earthquake response of reinforced concrete regular frames subjected to rebar corrosion. A typical four-story reinforced concrete frame is designed according to Turkish Earthquake Code in order to examine earthquake response. Then different levels of rebar corrosion scenarios are applied to this frame structure. The deteriorated conditions as a result of these scenarios are included loss in cross sectional area of rebar, loss of mechanical properties of rebar, loss in bond strength and variations in damage limits of concrete sections. The frame is evaluated using a nonlinear static analysis in its sound as well as deteriorated conditions. The rebar corrosion effect on the structural response is investigated by comparing the response of the frame in each scenario with respect to the sound condition of the frame. The results shows that the progressive deterioration of the frame over time cause serious reductions on the base shear and top displacement capacity and also structural ductility of the corroded frames. The propagation time, intensity, and extensity of rebar corrosion on the frame are important parameters governing the effect of rebar corrosion on earthquake response of the frame.Öğe Başlıksız(Springer Heidelberg, 2014) Yüksel, İsa; Buyukcapar, SerhatThis paper presents performance evaluation of a five-story reinforced concrete building that includes dramatic structural performance degeneration. The original building structural system was divided into two blocks with a seismic joint that was included during construction although it was not provided in the design phase. Structural performance evaluation is performed according to Turkish Earthquake Resistant Code 2007 (TEC-2007), which is very similar to modern codes. Nonlinear static pushover analysis was performed in order to draw the capacity curves of the building in two orthogonal directions. Equivalent incremental seismic load method that is defined in TEC-2007 is followed for earthquake performance evaluation. The building does not satisfy the target structural performance levels shown in TEC-2007. It is concluded that the fundamental reason for the poor performance is the inclusion of the seismic joint. The seismic joint transforms the building into two blocks irregular in plan, which results in the degeneration of the buildings structural performance.Öğe Başlıksız(International Committee of the SCMT conferences, 2013) Yüksel, İsa; Coşkan, S.The aim of this paper is to investigate the earthquake behaviour of reinforced concrete frames subjected to rebar corrosion. A typical two-bay, four-story reinforced concrete (RC) frame is designed. Two different rebar corrosion scenarios and a design spectrum are selected. The deteriorated condition in these scenarios are included which are loss in diameter of rebar, changes of mechanical properties of reinforcement steel bars, bond strength and changes in damage limits of concrete sections. The RC frame is evaluated using a nonlinear static analysis method in sound condition as well as deteriorated conditions. The rebar corrosion effect on the global level is investigated by comparing the responses of each scenario with respect to the response of sound condition of the frame. The result shows that the progressive deterioration of frames over time can cause serious reductions on the load-bearing capacity. Hence the overall seismic behaviour of the frame is adversely affected. © 2013 Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies. All rights reserved.Öğe Başlıksız(ICE Publishing, 2022) Yüksel, İsa; Sakcalı, Gökhan BarışThe aim of this paper is to present the different effects of reinforcement corrosion on reinforced concrete buildings. A hypothetical five-storey reinforced concrete building frame was designed for this purpose. Three different modes of action were selected - corrosion on the ground floor alone, corrosion on one facade and corrosion on two neighbouring facades of the building. For each mode of action, different corrosion scenarios were selected, which were arranged in terms of mass loss from zero to 15% in ascending order an in 3% steps. Pushover analyses of the building were performed for each corrosion scenario and the results of these analyses were used to perform a structural performance evaluation conforming to Eurocode 8. A general decrease in structural performance was determined with significant changes in the dynamic characteristics of the building. The level of decrease depended on the corrosion scenarios and the modes of action. Important structural behaviour alterations and premature damage occurrences were found, in addition to a reduction in the displacement ductility of the building. For severe-corrosion scenarios, reductions in moment and curvature capacities could shift the structural behaviour of the load-bearing members from ductile to non-ductile.Öğe Başlıksız(2018) Yüksel, İsa; Sakcalı, Gökhan BarışTürkiye’de mevcut az veya orta katlı betonarme binaların birçoğu düşük performanslı beton kullanımı, yapım ve tasarım hataları nedeniyle deprem yükleri altında düşük yapısal performans göstermektedir. Betonarme binalarda donatı korozyonu taşıyıcı elemanları ve yapısal sistemin bütününü olumsuz etkiler. Bu çalışmada aderans kaybı, beton ve donatı özelliklerinde değişime neden olan donatı korozyonuna maruz bir binanın yapısal performans değişimi ele alınmaktadır. Bu amaçla zemin katında farklı korozyon senaryoları uygulanan 5 katlı tipik bir betonarme bina tasarlanmıştır. Binanın her bir korozyon senaryosu altında EC-8’e göre yapısal performansı değerlendirilmiştir. Statik itme analizinde Seismostruct 2016 yazılımı kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, uzun süreli etkiyen ileri seviyede seyreden donatı korozyonunun yapısal performansı olumsuz etkilediğini göstermektedir. Binanın korozyonsuz durumuna kıyasla, performans seviyelerinde ve hedef deplasmanlarında kayda değer değişimler gözlenmiştir.Öğe Başlıksız(Elsevier, 2018) Yüksel, İsaThe use of industrial by-products such as blast furnace slag (BFS) partially instead of natural resources in cement and concrete industry is beneficial and necessary from the viewpoint of sustainable development. Ground BFS is used in cement and concrete in different forms for many years in all over the world. This chapter presents information about storage and handling, classification, and different utilization forms of BFS in concrete and cement industry. Moreover, fresh and hardened properties and durability characteristics of cements, mortars, or concretes incorporating BFS is considered. It is concluded with considering current codes and standards about BFS and the new developing forms of utilization of BFS such as usage in geopolymer concrete that is an innovative and ecofriendly construction material and an alternative to Portland cement concrete, use as fine aggregate without grounding in concrete or combined usage with other industrial wastes with or without grounding. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
