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    A new approach for upgrading biogas produced at a local wastewater treatment plant
    (Global Network Environmental Science & Technology, 2024) Boyaci, Yavuz Selim; Uyanik, Sinan; Yildiz, Hakan
    Biogas is globally recognized as a crucial source of renewable energy. After undergoing proper treatment, the purified form of biogas, known as biomethane, has the potential to be injected into existing natural gas infrastructure or compressed for use as a vehicle fuel. The principal pollutants which cause a reduction in the energy density of biogas and impede its utilization, specifically in engines, are carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and siloxanes. Furthermore, the presence of carbon dioxide in biogas has a significant impact on global warming. The water scrubbing method, which is the most used method in biogas upgrading processes, was utilized due to its low operating cost. With the decreasing availability of clean water resources around the world and the challenges of utilizing them, the reuse of treated wastewater has become increasingly important. Therefore, in this study, treated wastewater was used as scrubbing water for biogas instead of clean water. In addition, the biogas used in the study is the gas produced in the wastewater treatment plant of a local municipality, thus contributing to the uniqueness of the study. Prior to upgrading, the biogas content produced in the plant had CH4 and CO2 values of 62% and 37%, respectively. However, after the implementation of upgraded technology, these values increased to 96% (CH4) and 3% (CO2). These results clearly demonstrate the success of the new method.
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    Physicochemical and microbiological investigation of ballast waters of the ships operating in the Marmara Sea
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2024) Dobrucali, Erinc; Uyanik, Sinan; Altuntas, Volkan; Yilmaz, Mete; Balci, Muharrem; Sahan, Aybuke Nur; Ucar, Deniz
    Ballast water, an essential component of global shipping operations, plays a pivotal role in maintaining vessel stability and load distribution. However, its inadvertent discharge can introduce a myriad of physicochemical and microbiological hazards to marine ecosystems, necessitating rigorous investigation. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of ballast waters from ships operating in the ecologically significant Marmara Sea. Different than previous studies, physicochemical parameters, including pH, heavy metal concentrations (Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and As), total organic carbon, turbidity, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus, were extensively assessed. Furthermore, microbial communities were examined through the identification of bacterial, archaeal, and algal taxa using 16S and 18S rRNA gene amplicon sequence data. Particular attention was given to potential pathogens and harmful algal species, employing advanced techniques to ensure accuracy and comprehensiveness. The findings reveal notable variations in the physicochemical profiles of ballast waters, attributed to diverse geographical origins and operational factors. Furthermore, the microbial analysis identifies a diverse array of species, including pathogenic strains and potentially toxin-producing algae, raising concerns about potential ecological and public health implications. These results underscore the urgent need for improved ballast water management strategies and the implementation of effective treatment technologies to mitigate the adverse effects of ballast water discharge in the Marmara Sea. By shedding light on the intricacies of ballast water composition, this study contributes valuable insights toward safeguarding marine biodiversity and human wellbeing in this ecologically sensitive region.
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    Wastewater reuse in Turkey: from present status to future potential
    (Iwa Publishing, 2020) Nas, Bilgehan; Uyanik, Sinan; Aygün, Ahmet; Doğan, Selim; Erul, Gursel; Nas, K. Batuhan
    The Ministry of Environment and Urbanization (MoEU) initiated an important project, 'Reuse of Treated Wastewater in Turkey', in 2017. With this project, all wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) were investigated to determine wastewater reuse purposes for the first time. The results obtained from this project were that although there are 1,015 existing WWTPs, only 15 of them realized wastewater reuse. In 2017, the total volume of reused treated wastewater in Turkey amounted to 29.6 million m(3)/year, accounting for 0.78% of the treated urban wastewater. With the present water potential and sectoral water use rates, Turkey should make key administrative and technical regulations in the coming years for water reuse. This paper aims to give an overview of wastewater reuse activities from present status to future potential in Turkey and the opportunities and challenges in expanding water reuse. The status of WWTPs, treatment processes and their compliance with the WWTPs where reuse is carried out in Turkey are evaluated in this study. The realization of the planned goals and challenges are discussed after regulatory changes in Turkey for reclaimed wastewater and reuse targets for 2023.