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Öğe Investigations of the Nucleating Agent Effects on Polypropylene of Pumice from Three Distinct Areas in Türkiye(Mdpi, 2025) Ozdemir, Yasin; Atagur, Metehan; Sen, Ibrahim; Sever, KutlayThis study investigates the mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene (PP) composites incorporating pumice, a naturally occurring porous volcanic rock with high SiO2 content, sourced from three regions in T & uuml;rkiye (Nev & scedil;ehir, Ala & ccedil;at & imath;, and K & uuml;tahya). Pumice was processed to particle sizes below 10 microns to maximize nucleating effectiveness, and composites were fabricated by melt compounding. The distinct mineralogical composition, porosity, and surface chemistry of the pumice samples enabled systematic evaluation of how regional variations influence crystallization and mechanical performance. A multi-analytical characterization approach, including thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and standardized mechanical tests (tensile, flexural, and impact), was applied. Results revealed that Ala & ccedil;at & imath; pumice at 0.1 wt% increased the impact strength of PP by about 11%, while maintaining stiffness. This demonstrates that pumice, unlike conventional fillers, can simultaneously enhance toughness and rigidity. Thermal analysis confirmed improved stability, with higher degradation onset and maximum decomposition temperatures observed in pumice-filled PP. DSC results indicated that certain pumice loadings promoted nucleation and increased crystallinity, while excessive amounts disrupted chain packing. SEM examinations confirmed uniform dispersion at low loadings, with agglomeration at higher levels reducing impact resistance. This work provides the first systematic demonstration of pumice powders as effective nucleating agents in PP, combining regional mineralogical diversity with measurable performance benefits. These findings indicate that pumice can serve as a sustainable, low-cost alternative to conventional nucleating agents, with potential applications in polymer components requiring improved toughness and thermal stability.Öğe MANUFACTURING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SUGAR BEET PULP PARTICLES FILLED POLYPROPYLENE MATRIX BIOCOMPOSITE(2025) Gökdemir, Barış; Sever, Kutlay; Atagür, Metehan; Şen, İbrahimIn this study, Polypropylene (PP) matrix biocomposites were developed with the aim of reducing sugar beet pulp (SP) waste and demonstrating the potential of agricultural waste materials in various applications. Sugar beet pulp extracted from a sugar production factory was subjected to a drying process and then mechanically ground. Following this process, the resultant powdered sugar beet pulp particles were subjected to a sieving process, yielding particles within the size range of 100–250 ?m. These particles were then incorporated into the pure PP matrix at filling levels ranging from 5% to 20%. Subsequently, the mechanical (tensile, flexural, DMA), thermal (TGA, DSC), and chemical (FTIR) properties of these biocomposites were investigated. DMA results indicated a notable improvement in storage modulus with increased filler content, supporting the stiffening effect of sugar beet pulp particles. DSC analysis showed minimal change in melting temperature, but a slight decrease in crystallinity degree with higher filler ratios. FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of characteristic functional groups from lignocellulosic sugar beet pulp within the PP matrix, indicating successful incorporation. It was determined that the elastic modulus in the PP matrix biocomposites increased as the amount of sugar beet pulp particles increased. When the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data of PP and biocomposites were compared, an increase in the maximum degradation temperature (Tmax) was observed as the SP100 and SP250 ratio increased, while a decrease in the temperature at which degradation began (Ton) was observed. These biocomposites demonstrate promising potential for application in the automotive, packaging, and construction industries as sustainable materials.Öğe Manufacturing and Characterization of Three Modified Vegetable Oil-Added Polylactic Acid Composites(Wiley, 2024) Sen, Ibrahim; Atagur, Metehan; Tuna, Sibel; Eroglu, Murat; Kurtlu, Meral Akkoyun; Sever, KutlayPolylactic acid (PLA) was modified with three types of modified vegetable oils (MVOs), which are the epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO), maleinized sunflower oil (MSO), and maleinized olive oil (MOO), at different weight fractions. A corotating twin screw extruder was used to produce composite materials by the melt-mixing process. The effect of MVO content, from 2.5% to 10%, on the morphology, mechanical properties, density, and water absorption was investigated in detail. The addition of ESBO and maleinized vegetable oils leads to a slight decrease in the density of PLA from 1.252 to 1.231 g/cm3. As the concentration of MVO in PLA increases, the amount of water absorption also increases, and the highest water absorption value was observed in P10MSO. The FTIR spectra of all concentrations of the MOO and MSO have two peaks at 1781 and 1861 cm-1, attributed to the C=O stretching which is related to maleic acid copolymerization. In general, the elastic modulus (EM) was slightly changed by the addition of MVOs to PLA, while the tensile strength (TS) decreased. Due to the plasticizing effect of MVOs, an increase in the Izod impact strength was obtained.Öğe Production and characterization of agricultural waste natural fiber-filled polylactic acid composites(Springer, 2025) Sen, Ibrahim; Sever, KutlayThe objective of this study was to obtain new composites containing polylactic acid (PLA) with artichoke stem (AP) at concentrations of 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10% by weight using a twin-screw extruder. The composites were created using biodegradable PLA and postharvest agricultural waste AP. The study aimed to determine whether these composites could be used. Thermal, mechanical, and morphological characterization of AP and these composites were performed. The findings of the study revealed that AP particles exhibited chemical and physical properties similar to other natural fibers. When incorporated into composites, these materials showed increased density and elastic modulus. However, decreases in tensile strength, elongation at break, and unnotched Izod impact were observed. Dynamic mechanical analysis revealed that PLA exhibited higher storage modulus (E ') values compared to AP-filled composites at 40 degrees C. In the differential scanning calorimetry analysis, while there was a slight fluctuation in the glass transition temperature (Tg) in the AP-filled composites, significant increases in the crystallinity degree (Xc) were observed when looking at the values of PLA. The results of the thermal gravimetric analysis showed that both Tmax and Ts values of the composite decreased as the AP content in PLA increased. Furthermore, SEM imaging of the composites containing P5AP clearly demonstrated the presence and distribution of AP particles within the PLA matrix.Öğe Production and Characterization of Electrical Conductive Polymeric Hybrid Composites Containing Organic and Inorganic Materials(Prof.Dr. İskender AKKURT, 2025) Sever, Kutlay; Yılmaz, Hüseyin; Atagür, Metehan; Şen, İbrahimPolymer composites are becoming more and more involved in many industries such as aerospace, automotive, transportation and sports. As usage increases in the commercial market, the polymer industry provides materials to almost every area of technology and industry, allowing the production of materials or new materials to be produced and the development or orientation of new types of needs. In the last 10 years, the use of polymer composites has become the new materials needed in electronic technology. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of polypropylene (PP) on mechanical and conductivity properties by using mica (M) as an inorganic filler and carbon nano tube (CNT) as an organic filler. Before hybrid composite materials were produced, polypropylene (PP) and M-PP composites were produced and composite with the best mechanical properties were selected. PP-M composites were produced by using a thermokincetic mixer with the addition of mica in 10%, 20%, and 30% weight ratios. Hybrid composites were manufactured using CNT addition into PP-20M with %1, %3, %5, and %7 weight ratios. Mechanical properties of the composite materials produced using tensile and bending tests and viscoelastic properties by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal properties by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetric (TGA) analyses and morphological structures by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were investigated. © IJCESEN.
