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    Utilization of high-range water reducing admixture having air-entraining agents in cementitious systems
    (Elsevier, 2023) Sahin, Hatice Gizem; Mardani, Ali; Ozen, Suleyman; Emin, Ayvaz
    Utilization of admixtures with different action mechanisms has increased by combining them both physically and chemically. The effect of the use of modified water reducing admixture hav-ing air-entraining agents on the some fresh and hardened state properties of concrete mixtures was investigated in this study. It was determined that the utilization of air-entraining admixtures (AEA) increases the workability of fresh concrete due to the fact that it creates spherical-shaped air bubbles in matrix. However, there are contradictions about the effect of cementitious systems on rheological properties in the literature. Also, compatibility problems may occur when high range water-reducing admixtures (HRWRA) and AEA are used together in mixtures. It was re-ported that the use of HRWRA causes an increase in the spacing factor and the action perfor-mance of the AEA is adversely affected. However, it was understood that limited studies were car-ried out on increasing the compatibility of these admixtures in the literature. The methods that can be applied to prevent these incompatibilities were evaluated. First, the incompatibility be-tween them can be reduced by optimizing the order of adding the admixtures (HRWRA and AEA) to the mixture. Secondly, it was understood that the use of water-reducing admixtures modified with air-entraining properties in concrete mixtures can eliminate the stated incompatibilities.