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Öğe Peroxydisulfate-assisted sonocatalytic degradation of metribuzin by La-doped ZnFe layered double hydroxide(Elsevier, 2022) Akdag, Sultan; Rad, Tannaz Sadeghi; Keyikoglu, Ramazan; Orooji, Yasin; Yoon, Yeojoon; Khataee, AlirezaMetribuzin is an herbicide that easily contaminates ground and surface water. Herein, La-doped ZnFe layered double hydroxide (LDH) was synthesized for the first time and used for the degradation of metribuzin via ultrasonic (US) assisted peroxydisulfate (PDS) activation. The synthesized LDH had a lamellar structure, an average thickness of 26 nm, and showed mesoporous characteristics, including specific surface area 110.93 m(2) g(-1), pore volume 0.27 cm(3) g(-1), and pore diameter 9.67 nm. The degradation efficiency of the US/La-doped ZnFe LDH/PDS process (79.1 %) was much greater than those of the sole processes, and the synergy factor was calculated as 3.73. The impact of the reactive species on the sonocatalytic process was evaluated using different scavengers. After four consecutive cycles, 10.8 % loss occurred in the sonocatalytic activity of the La-doped LDH. Moreover, the efficiency of the US/La-doped LDH/PDS process was studied with respect to the degradation of metribuzin in a wastewater matrix. According to GC-MS analysis, six by-products were detected during the degradation of metribuzin. Our results indicate that the US/La-doped ZnFe LDH/PDS process has great potential for efficient degradation of metribuzin-contaminated water and wastewater.Öğe Synergistic effect of Fe and Co metals for the enhanced activation of hydrogen peroxide in the heterogeneous electro-Fenton process by Co-doped ZnFe layered double hydroxide(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2022) Keyikoglu, Ramazan; Khataee, Alireza; Orooji, Yasin; Kobya, MehmetHeterogeneous electro-Fenton (EF) is a powerful technology for the removal of emerging organic pollutants from wastewater. However, the development of catalysts with high activity towards the production of (OH)-O-center dot by decomposing H2O2 remains a challenge. Herein, Co-doped ZnFe LDH as a heterogeneous catalyst with 2D plate-like morphology was produced by a co-precipitation method. Co-doping increased the pore volume of ZnFe LDH from 0.188 cm(3)/g to 0.2711 cm(3)/g and pore diameter from 5.305 nm and 9.39 nm. EF process consisted of a hydrothermally activated graphite felt cathode and a platinum plate anode. The Phenazopyridine (PHP) removal efficiency of the EF process in the presence of Co-doped ZnFe LDH is twice that of the electrochemical process. Additionally, Co-doping increased the performance of ZnFe LDH from 60 % to 82 % due to a synergistic effect of redox couples of Fe2+/Fe3+ and Co2+/Co3+. The Co-doped ZnFe LDH/EF process achieved complete removal of PHP in real wastewater in 4 h and at natural pH. After 7 reuse cycles, the catalyst retained 91 % of its performance. The eight by-products of PHP were determined by GC-MS. This work provides a way sustainable approach for the efficient removal of organic pharmaceuticals from wastewaters.Öğe Synthesis of visible light responsive ZnCoFe layered double hydroxide towards enhanced photocatalytic activity in water treatment(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2022) Keyikoglu, Ramazan; Dogan, Irmak Naz; Khataee, Alireza; Orooji, Yasin; Kobya, Mehmet; Yoon, YeojoonIn this study, a ternary layered double hydroxide containing Zn, Co, and Fe transition metals (ZnCoFe LDH) was developed using a co-precipitation procedure. The as-synthesized photocatalyst was evaluated for its perfor-mance in the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible light irradiation. The effects of various process conditions including photocatalyst dosage, pollutant concentration, pH, lamp distance, and lamp power were investigated. The ZnCoFe LDH achieved approximately 74% photodegradation efficiency owing to the narrow bandgap of 2.14 eV. The Langmuir-Hinselwood rate constants were calculated as 1.17 min-1 and 3.55 min-1 for photolysis by LED lamp alone and for photocatalysis by LED/ZnCoFe LDH, respectively. The photocatalytic ability of the LDH was attributed to the generation of radical species like center dot OH and O2 center dot-. The photocatalytic degradation intermediates of MB were determined by GC-MS analysis. The catalyst retained its performance throughout seven reuse cycles with only a 4.17% reduction in removal efficiency. The energy per order EEO of the ZnCoFe/LED process in 180 min treatment time was determined as 5.41 kWh.m- 3. order-1. This study shows that ZnCoFe LDH has sufficient activity and photostability for long-term application in photocatalytic water treatment.Öğe Vanadium (V)-doped ZnFe layered double hydroxide for enhanced sonocatalytic degradation of pymetrozine(Elsevier Science Sa, 2022) Keyikoglu, Ramazan; Khataee, Alireza; Lin, Hongjun; Orooji, YasinIn ultrasonic (US) processes, the development of environmentally friendly, effective, low-cost, and durable catalysts is needed to degrade pollutants. Here, ZnFe layered double hydroxide (LDH) was doped with vanadium (V) for the sonocatalytic degradation of a pesticide pymetrozine. The resulting catalyst had an average thickness of 25 nm, a specific surface area of 125.38 m(2)/g, and a bandgap value of 2.20 eV. In 90 min ultrasonic treatment, V-doped ZnFe LDH had 73% pymetrozine removal efficiency, which was 32% more than that of undoped ZnFe LDH. The US/V-doped ZnFe LDH process had a strong synergistic effect (synergy factor 7.17), which resulted in 57% and 68% greater efficiencies than the US alone and V-doped ZnFe LDH alone, respectively. The role of radical oxygen species was confirmed by carrying out radical trapping experiments using different scavengers and electron paramagnetic resonance analyses. Due to its high stability, the catalyst had good reuse potential with only an 8% performance reduction after 5 reuse cycles. Besides, the leaching of heavy metals was insignificant owing to the high integrity of the catalyst as confirmed by SEM and X-ray diffraction analysis. According to the GC-MS analysis, pymetrozine was first transformed into cyclic compounds then into aliphatic compounds such as animated products and carboxylic acids.












