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    A Review on the Toxic Effects of Medicines used in Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Treatment
    (DAHUDER, 2022) Özlü, Aysegul; Taner, Gökçe; Koca, Nizameddin
    The novel coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is affecting all around the world, particularly healthcare systems. The most critical problem for the COVID-19 infection as an emerging acute respiratory disease is the lack of effective methods to control and treat the disease. To date, there is no specific therapeutic agent approved by the FDA, so treatment options are limited. There are more than 4034 interventional studies in progress listed in clinicaltrials.org (Access date: 21.12.2021). This number was 900 approximately in December 2020. These intensive studies, which have increased fourfold, are to find a safe and effective treatment method. Since absolute therapy has not been standardized globally, the treatment approach varies from country to country and even from hospital to hospital. In addition to the vaccine studies that have been finalized and the vaccines are available for use, additional studies are underway for existing drugs that can prevent this disease or improve outcomes for COVID patients. The potential toxicity of the drugs chosen for the treatment is one of the more critical limiting factors. Although the side effects of previously approved medicines are known, studies are needed to determine the side effect profiles for newly approved products such as remdesivir. In this review, we gathered the adverse and toxic effects of medications used against COVID-19 treatment according to the COVID guideline published by the Scientific Advisory Board of the Ministry of Health of Turkey.
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    Comparing the effectiveness of different vaccination regimens using Sinovac and BNT162b2 vaccines among hospitalised patients: A single-centre hospital-based retrospective cohort study
    (2025) Turan, Atakan; Öğüt, Hamdi; Varol, Aylin Ayyıldız; Koca, Nizameddin; Bozkurt, Hayri
    Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of different vaccination regimens using two distinct SARS-CoV-2 vaccines against mortality risk and the need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission among hospitalised patients. Methods: The single-centre hospital-based retrospective cohort study was performed with adult COVID-19 patients in a tertiary-level hospital between March 2020 and September 2022. The associations between patients’ demographics and clinical features, vaccine status and regimens, in-hospital mortality, and need for ICU admission were evaluated using multivariable regression analyses. Results: During the study period, 2,373 patients were included. Mortality among unvaccinated patients was 85.0%, which was significantly lower in vaccinated groups (P<0.001), particularly with BNT162b2 than with Sinovac. Vaccination reduced mortality and ICU admission rates, with higher efficacy observed with increased vaccine doses and BNT162b2 regimens. Multivariable analyses confirmed age as a significant determinant and various vaccination schedules showed consistent reductions in mortality and ICU admissions. Conclusions: A two-dose initial plus one or more-dose booster BNT162b2 regimen effectively reduced mortality risks and ICU admission.