Yazar "Karimi, Mahmoud" seçeneğine göre listele

Listeleniyor 1 - 3 / 3
  • Küçük Resim Yok
    Öğe
    A Critical Review of Contaminants of Emerging Concern in Reclaimed Wastewater: Implications for Agricultural Irrigation
    (Springernature, 2025) Yakamercan, Elif; Obijianya, Christian C.; Jayakrishnan, U.; Aygun, Ahmet; Velluru, Sridevi; Karimi, Mahmoud; Simsek, Halis
    This critical review examines contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in reclaimed wastewater used for agricultural irrigation, with a focus on their implications for environmental sustainability, food safety, and human and ecosystem health. Increasing water scarcity and climate change have intensified reliance on reclaimed wastewater, making a clear understanding of CEC behavior essential. Drivers of its use include technological advances, while barriers remain in the form of CEC occurrence, regulatory gaps, and public perception. The fate and transport of CECs in soil, water, and air determine their environmental risks. However, concentrations in treated wastewater from municipal/industrial wastewater treatment plants, desalination plant effluents, and others are typically low, with varying composition among similar wastewater. The incomplete removal causes leakage of CECs into reclaimed wastewater, thereby exhibiting persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity that can affect soil quality, plant physiology, and food safety. Plant uptake and long-term impacts depend on contaminant properties, irrigation practices, and crop species. Ecological risk assessments suggest moderate to high risks to aquatic organisms, while human health risks are generally low but may rise under worst-case exposure scenarios. Advanced treatment technologies, controlled irrigation, and soil management strategies can mitigate these risks by reducing bioavailability and enabling better monitoring. This review concludes with recommendations for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to improve the safe and sustainable use of reclaimed wastewater in agriculture.
  • Küçük Resim Yok
    Öğe
    Agricultural Irrigation Using Treated Wastewater: Challenges and Opportunities
    (Mdpi, 2025) Obijianya, Christian C.; Yakamercan, Elif; Karimi, Mahmoud; Veluru, Sridevi; Simko, Ivan; Eshkabilov, Sulaymon; Simsek, Halis
    Reusing and recycling treated wastewater is a sustainable approach to meet the growing demand for clean water, ensuring its availability for both current and future generations. Wastewater can be treated in such advanced ways that it can be used for industrial operations, recharging groundwater, irrigation of fields, or even manufacturing drinkable water. This strategy meets growing water demand in water-scarce areas while protecting natural ecosystems. Treated wastewater is both a resource and a challenge. Though it may be nutrient-rich and can increase agricultural output while showing resource reuse and environmental conservation, high treatment costs, public acceptance, and contamination hazards limit its use. Proper treatment can reduce these hazards, safeguarding human health and the environment while enhancing its benefits, including a stable water supply, nutrient-rich irrigation, higher crop yields, economic development, and community resilience. On the one hand, inadequate treatment may lead to soil salinization, environmental degradation, and hazardous foods. Examining the dual benefits and risks of using treated wastewater for agricultural irrigation, this paper investigates the complexities of its use as a valuable resource and as a potential hazard. Modern treatment technologies are needed to address these difficulties and to ensure safe and sustainable use. If properly handled, treated wastewater reuse has enormous potential for reducing water scarcity and expanding sustainable agriculture as well as global food security.
  • Küçük Resim Yok
    Öğe
    Improving microalgae harvesting efficiency: electrochemical techniques and parameter optimization
    (Royal Soc Chemistry, 2025) Yakamercan, Elif; Guleria, Samriti; Karimi, Mahmoud; Aygun, Ahmet; Bhasin, Aparajita; Simsek, Halis
    The harvesting microalgae is a challenging process that requires innovative and efficient technologies to make large-scale cultivation economically viable. This study investigated the effectiveness of electrochemical methods for harvesting microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. The operational parameters, such as electrolysis time, electrical current, and pH, were optimized using the response surface methodology based on the Box-Behnken design. The boron-doped diamond (BDD), aluminum (Al), and iron (Fe) electrodes were tested and compared. BDD-Al showed 99.3% of harvesting efficiency (time: 20 min, current: 100 mA, pH: 9), which is the highest value and a pH of 9. The physicochemical properties of the harvested algae, including lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, total suspended solids, and chlorophyll-a content, were examined. The content of harvested algae was found as 41.07-46.63% for protein, 5.5-16.9% for lipid, and 9.02-12.08% for carbohydrates (sugar). The chlorophyll-a concentrations varied from 6.7 to 8.36 mu g mL-1. Optimized operating conditions for electrolysis time, pH, and current were determined, and harvesting efficiency was achieved at more than 99%. Energy consumptions for the highest harvesting efficiencies were found to be 0.2, 0.35, and 0.4 kWh kg-1 for BDD-Al, Al-Al, and Al-BDD electrode pairs, respectively. These values were lower than those of conventional algae harvesting methods. The results showed that the electrochemical harvesting techniques are promising alternatives with a high harvesting efficiency and low energy consumption.