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    Determination of chemical content and biological activities obtaining essential oil from Ribes petraeum Wulfen plant grown in Gümüşhane region
    (Gümüşhane Üniversitesi, 2022) Karataş, Şeyda Merve; Öz, Mehmet; Fidan, Muhammed Said; Baltacı, Cemallettin; Üçüncü, Osman
    Essential oil is fragrant, volatile, aromatic oils mostly by hydrodistillation obtained from plants. Essential oil is an indispensable raw material source for the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries. Gümüşhane region is very rich in terms of plant diversity. As a result of the field study, the plant that formed the basis of this article were collected from the growing place determined. In this study; essential oil of the leaves of R. petraeum plant were determined by hydrodistillation method in a Clevenger type device. The chemical compositions of volatile oil diluted with hexane were determined by analyzing with a GC-MS instrument. The amount of antioxidant activities of the obtained essential oil were determined by free radical scavenging (DPPH and ABTS) amounts, and Ferric (III) Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) capacity according to methods. In addition, some bioactive compounds contents were determined by total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total antioxidant activity (TAC) studies. Antimicrobial activities of volatile oil were attained against 23 different microorganisms by disc diffusion method. As a result; the percent essential oil yield was determined as 0.47% in the leaves of the R. petraeum. The chemical classes with the highest percentage of compounds in the essential oil of plant parts: Aldehydes (55.98%) were determined in the leaves of the R. petraeum. In addition, the main components in its essential oil was found as (E)-2-hexenal (52.90%) in the leaves of the R. petraeum. The determination of antioxidant activities obtained from samples collected from plant parts were determined as 18.73 mg AA/100 mL and 21.31 mg AA/100 mL in free radical scavenging amounts (DPPH and ABTS), and 6.50 mg FeSO4/100 mL in FRAP capacity. The bioactive component contents were found as 66.37 mg GAE/100 mL in total phenolic content (TPC), 1.51 mg QE/100 mL in total flavonoid content (TFC), 195.43 mg AA/100 mL in total antioxidant activity (TAC). According to the results of the antimicrobial activities analysis obtained from the collected sample of plant parts, leaves of R. petraeum were not showed any antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms used.