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Öğe The Effects of Windthrow Damage on Soil Properties in Scots Pine, Black Pine and Kazdagi Fir Stands in the Northwest Turkey(Kastamonu Üniversitesi, 2021) Savaci, Gamze; Sarıyıldız, Temel; Caglar, Sadik; Kara, Ferhat; Topal, EsraAim of study: The short-term effects of windthrow damage on soil properties were investigated in Kazdagi fir (Abies nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold.) stand in northwest Turkey. Area of study: The study was carried out in Kastamonu and Sinop regions. Material and methods: In order to understand the effects of windthrow damage occurred in 2013, soil samples were collected at a depth of 0-30 cm from the disturbed and undisturbed sites in 2018 (5 year later), and analyzed for soil physical and chemical properties. Main results: The increases in temperature, wind speed and heavy rainfall in the study sites seemed to result in the windthrows. There were significant differences in soil physical and chemical properties among the three tree species, and also between the disturbed and the undisturbed sites. Highlights: After the windthrows, increased SOC and TN stocks, P and K could be related to the accumulation of organic matter. However, we were not able to identify a single mechanism to explain this observed relationship. Thus, the root-soil interactions of the three tree species should be conclusively examined in future studies in order to define the relationships between soil chemical properties and root features.Öğe Processing of in-situ SiC reinforced AlN based composites(Korean Assoc Crystal Growth, Inc, 2018) Kalemtaş, Ayşe; Arslan, Gursoy; Kaya, Pinar; Turan, Servet; Kara, FerhatIn this study, highly dense (>97%) in-situ SiC reinforced AlN based ceramic-metal composites were produced by pressureless reactive infiltration of 7075 aluminium alloys into porous alpha-Si3N4, alpha-Si3N4 + 4 wt. % carbon and alpha-Si3N4 + 8 wt. % carbon preforms at 1400 degrees C for 4 hours under an argon gas atmosphere. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analysis of the designed alpha-Si3N4-Al and alpha-Si3N4-C-Al composites revealed that Si3N4 was completely consumed during the infiltration process via reacting with the Al alloy and resulted in the formation of AlN and Si phases. The aim of the current work was to introduce a novel method to produce in-situ SiC reinforced AlN based ceramic-metal composites. Composites with relatively low metal contents were successfully fabricated through incorporating active carbon to the starting alpha-Si3N4 powder, which in turn consumes the liberated metallic Si phase in the system via chemical reactions leading to the formation of SiC ceramic phase. Formation of in-situ SiC, AlN and metallic Si were also confirmed by analytical transmission electron microscopy investigations.