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    Effects of matte coating on the paper surface and print density
    (Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2013) Aydemir, Cem; Ozomay, Zafer; Karademir, Arif; Kandirmaz, Emine Arman
    In this work, standard laboratory printing applications with IGT (ISO 12647-2) were applied on uncoated and matte-coated papers using offset inks (DIN ISO 2846-1). Surface roughnesses of uncoated and coated sheets were recorded to be 195 and 13 ml/min, respectively. Air permanence values of uncoated and coated papers were found to be 5.6 and 0.103 mu m/Pa.s, respectively. Changes in the print densities were recorded up to 48 h. Print density changes for uncoated and matte-coated papers were surprisingly found to be in similar paths (8% in the first 4 h), although significant differences between surface roughnesses were recorded. Furthermore, paper samples showed similar behaviors for the percent volume changes, where drop volume disappeared within 6 min. It is concluded that matte coating did not have any significant effects on print density change and drop volume change.
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    EXAMINATION OF THE IMPACT OF DRYING TECHNIQUES IN SURFACE SIZING-COATING OPERATIONS ON THE QUALITY OF PAPER AND PRINTING
    (Editura Acad Romane, 2019) Yenidogan, Semiha; Aydemir, Cem; Karademir, Arif; Kandirmaz, Emine Arman
    In order to improve the surface characteristics of paper, surface sizing and surface coating are applied to the surface of the paper. Filling the pores on the surface with polymerized substances and flatting the surface are aimed in both operations. Test papers are either left for air-drying or they could be heated in an oven to dry more quickly. Other drying techniques may also affect printing, as well as the optical and physical qualities of the paper. In this study, starch-based sizing and calcium carbonated-starch-based coating operations were applied separately on paper surfaces. Some of the papers were allowed to dry at room temperature, and the others were dried in an oven. When the drying process was completed, paper gloss, water absorption and wettability qualities, as well as the CIE L*a*b* color coordinates of all the papers were evaluated. In the following stage of the study, solid tone printing was applied on the surfaces of the papers - that had been subjected to different drying processes - using cyan colored ink in an IGT C1 printability tester. The effects of air-drying and oven-drying techniques in surface coating and sizing operations on the physical and printability characteristics of the paper were evaluated.
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    The examination of vegetable- and mineral oil-based inks' effects on print quality: Green printing effects with different oils
    (Sage Publications Ltd, 2018) Aydemir, Cem; Yenidogan, Semiha; Karademir, Arif; Kandirmaz, Emine Arman
    Introduction: Printing inks oil selection is related to the desired nature of the varnish in the ink production. Petroleumderived mineral oils and vegetable oils can be used in offset inks. Methods: In this study, the behaviors of vegetable- and mineral oil-based inks on uncoated and coated paper surfaces were investigated in terms of printability. Solid tone test prints were done with offset printing of these inks. Print gloss of the printed samples was measured and a light fastness test was implemented on these samples in order to determine the resistance to fading. Absorption behavior and contact angles of the ink-printed films on the test papers were measured with the sessile water drop method depending on time, and surface energies were calculated. Results: On both paper types, linseed-soybean oil-based vegetable ink gave the highest brightness value. The lowest print gloss results on the paper were obtained from soybean oil-based inks. The lowest color change was recorded with mineral oil-based inks on gloss-coated papers. According to the ink-film-surface relation, when the contact angle is high, surface energy decreases and the absorbency of the ink-film is lower. Conclusions: In this study, the behaviors of vegetable- and mineral oil-based inks on different paper surfaces, and the effect on the quality of printability as well as differences, have been evaluated, taking environmental and health factors into consideration.