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Öğe Alüminyum Dış Kafesli Burçlarda Yüzey Pürüzlülüğünün Çıkma Yüklerine Etkisi(Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, 2022) Güney, Murat; Kaboğlu, CihanBilyalama yöntemi parçalar üzerinde pürüzlülüğü arttırmak, atık gerilmeleri önlemek, yorulma ve çatlak oluşumu gibi durumları engellemek için yapılan bir işlemdir. Çaplama işlemi ise süspansiyon sistemini oluşturan parçalardan birisi olan burçların üretimi sonrasında oluşan ölçü farklılıklarını engellemek ve burcu uygun ölçüye getirmek için uygulanan bir yöntemdir. Bu çalışmada, alüminyum dış kafese sahip olan burçlarda bilyalama ve çaplama işlemleri farklı sıralamalar ve farklı parametreler ile gerçekleştirilerek yüzey pürüzlülükleri farklı burçlar elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen burçlar ile gerçekleştirilen montaj işlemleri sonrasında, salıncak üzerindeki çıkma yükleri incelenerek kayıt altına alınmıştır. Artan yüzey pürüzlülüğüne bağlı olarak burçların yuvalarında kayma esnasında karşılaşacağı sürtünme kuvvetleri arttığı için çıkma yüklerinde artış beklenmektedir. Çıkma yükleri incelendiğinde artan yüzey pürüzlülüğünün çıkma yüklerini arttırdığı gözlemlenmiştir.Öğe Effects of carbon nanotubes on mechanical behavior of fiber reinforced composite under static loading(WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH, 2022) Kaboğlu, Cihan; Ferik, ErdemThe purpose of this research article is to show the effect of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) addition on fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites produced by the vacuum infusion method on tensile performance. In this study, glass, carbon, and fiber fabric reinforced polymer matrix composite plates were produced using glass, carbon and aramid fiber fabrics with the same weave type and similar areal density. Using the same production parameters, the composite plates reinforced with different fiber types were produced with CNTs addition by 0.5 wt% of total composite. Additionally, since it is thought that the effect of CNTs on performance in different fiber types may be different, hybrid fiber fabric reinforced composite plate material containing a composition of glass, carbon and fiber fabrics was produced and this material was produced with CNTs additive using the same production parameters as in previous fiber reinforced composite plate productions. In the study, composite plates with and without CNTs were produced in various compositions including glass, carbon, aramid, and hybrid fiber fabrics. As a result, CNTs reinforcement has increased the mechanical performance under tensile stress in glass, carbon, and hybrid reinforced fabric composite structures, but on aramid fiber, CNTs has decreased the performance.Öğe Impact performances and failure modes of glass fiber reinforced polymers in different curvatures and stacking sequences(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2022) Kaboğlu, Cihan; Eken, Taha Yasin; Yürektürk, YakupRecently, glass fiber reinforced polymer composites have been increasingly used in applications which are exposed to impact loads due to their high strength, low weight, and corrosion resistance properties. Therefore, the effect of curvature of composite laminate on their impact resistance is important. In this study, the mechanical properties of three curvature diameters and two stacking sequences, which have not been compared before, were examined and compared. The diameter of curved composites is 760 mm, 380 mm, and 304 mm and flat designated as A, B, C, and D, respectively. The fiber stacking orders are [0/0/-45/+45/90/90]S and [90/90/-45/+45/0/0]S designated as Type 1 and Type 2, respectively. The drop-weight impact tests were performed and failure modes of composites were examined. It was observed that the impact resistance decreases with the increase of curvature, where 760 mm diameter and Type 2 composites had the highest strength in all of the composites. In addition, delamination, fiber breakage, and matrix cracking failure modes were observed in the composites after impact. The reason why the strength decreases as the curvature of the composite increases is that the curved areas create an effect that increases the external force applied. The reason why Type 2 stacking order is more durable than Type 1 stacking order is that the 90° fiber direction in the bottom layer has a damping effect on the applied force. According to the results of this study, composite materials with larger diameter and stacking order starting with 0° provides more mechanical strength. (Figure presented.)Öğe Modelling the quasi-static flexural behaviour of composite sandwich structures with uniform- and graded-density foam cores(Elsevier, 2021) Liu, Haibao; Liu, Jun; Kaboğlu, Cihan; Zhou, Jin; Kong, Xiangshao; Li, Shipeng; Blackman, Bamber R. K.; Kinloch, Anthony J.; Dear, John P.In-service, composite sandwich structures, which consist of fibre-composite skins (also termed face-sheets) adhesively bonded to a polymeric foam core, can encounter extreme quasi-static flexural loading that may cause serious damage to the sandwich structure. The ability to model the flexural behaviour of such structures can lead to improved designs and more efficient maintenance procedures. In the present research, a three-dimensional finite-element analysis (FEA) model is developed to predict the flexural behaviour of such sandwich structures using a commercial software package (i.e. Abaqus/Explicit). The high-fidelity FEA simulation combines an elastic-plastic (E-P) damage model of the composite skins together with a crushable foam-core damage model. The E-P damage model is implemented with a user subroutine to capture the damage, such as plastic deformation of the matrix and matrix cracking, fibre fracture and delamination cracking of the composite skins. The crushable foam model is used to predict (a) the mechanical response of the crushed foam core, (b) the induced damage from ductile fracture due to growth, coalescence and fracture of the cells and (c) the induced damage from shear fracture of the foam due to plastic shear-band localisation. Results from the modelling studies, such as the loading response and the damage mechanisms, are discussed and compared with the experimental results obtained from the sandwich structures manufactured with both uniform- and graded-density foam cores but which all have the same average core density. Good agreement is achieved between the experimental results and the predictions from the numerical modelling simulations.Öğe Statik Yükleme Altında Oksetik İç Yapılı Sandviç Kompozitlerin İncelenmesi(Tayfun UYGUNOĞLU, 2022) Kaboğlu, CihanSandviç kompozitler, farklı malzeme kombinasyonları ile birleştirilerek özel uygulamalar için oluşturulabilen optimum malzeme tasarımlarıdır. Çok sayıda alternatif sandviç kompozit yapı biçimi ile farklı yüzey ve çekirdek malzemeler birleştirilebilir. Bu çalışmada; özellikle otomotiv tampon uygulamalarına yönelik olarak geliştirilen sandviç kompozit malzeme, naylon Poli-amid 12 (PA12) polimer malzemesinden oluşan çekirdek ile cam fiber takviyeli Polipropilen (GFRPP) alt – üst yüzeylerin bir araya getirilmesi ile elde edilmiştir. Malzemelerin önemli bir özelliği olan Poisson oranı; bir malzemenin kuvvet uygulandığı yöndeki şekil değiştirme miktarı ile aksi yöndeki şekil değiştirme miktarı arasındaki bağıntıyı verir. Poisson oranı birçok malzemede pozitif iken bazı malzemelerde ise negatiftir. Poisson oranı negatif olan bu malzemelere "oksetik malzeme" denir. Üretilen sandviç kompozitte negatif Poisson oranına sahip olan oksetik özellikteki çekirdek, üç boyutlu yazıcılardan birisi olan Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) ile üretilmiştir. Girintili bal peteği geometrisi sayesinde üstün esneme özellikleri beklenmektedir. Bu amaçla; iki farklı kalınlıkta üretilen çekirdek geometrisine sahip olan sandviç kompozit malzemeler üç nokta eğme testlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Bu çalışma kapsamında mukavemet ve darbe absorbsiyonu açısından sandviç yapılarda kullanılan oksetik yapıların arasındaki mesafenin yapının kalınlığından daha önemli bir parametre olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.Öğe The effect of a coupling agent on the impact behavior of flax fiber composites(American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), 2021) Kaboğlu, Cihan; Liu, Jun; Liu, Haibao; Russo, Pietro; Simeoli, GiorgioThe effects of a coupling agent on the behavior of flax fiber-reinforced composites have been investigated by testing the specimens under both quasi-static (QS) indentation and high-velocity impact loading. The specimens are manufactured embedding a commercial flax fiber fabric in a polypropylene (PP) matrix, neat and premodified with a maleic anhydride-grafted PP, the latter acting as a coupling agent to enhance the interfacial adhesion. QS compressive tests were performed using a dynamometer testing machine equipped with a high-density polyethylene indenter having the same geometry of the projectile employed in the impact tests. The impact tests were conducted setting three different impact velocities. Digital image correlation maps of out-of-plane displacement were employed to compare the specimens with and without the coupling agent. The QS testing results indicate that the coupling agent has an enhancing influence on the bending stiffness of tested flax composites. The testing results show that the coupling agent improves the mechanical behavior by decreasing the out-of-plane displacement under impact loading. This approach gives rise to new materials potentially useful for applications where impact performance is desired while also providing an opportunity for the incorporation of natural fibers to produce a lightweight composite.
