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    Effect of the kinematic viscosity on liquid flow hydrodynamics in vortex mixers
    (Elsevier, 2024) Gecim, Gozde; Erkoc, Ertugrul
    The effect of the kinematic viscosity of similar fluids on liquid flow hydrodynamics and the onset of the instability were investigated to acquire information on the mixing behavior of vortex mixers. To assess the influence of the kinematic viscosity, water and two glycerin aqueous solutions with varying weight percentages (25 wt % and 50 wt %) were used. The critical Reynolds number of the flow regime transitions was found using PLIF and PIV flow-field techniques. The liquid flow hydrodynamics and gas flow dynamics in the proposed vortex mixer geometry were compared, as well. It was observed that the kinematic viscosity has a linear relation with the critical Reynolds number; however, the coefficient is different for liquids and gases. Additionally, kinematic viscosity dictates the minimum Reynolds number where the fluids have a full turn inside the chamber. It was observed that fluids having higher kinematic viscosities have a full turn at lower Reynolds numbers, and the critical Reynolds number value decreases with increasing kinematic viscosity.
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    Hydrodynamics of Similar Gases in Vortex Mixers: Effect of Physical Properties on the Onset of Instability
    (Amer Chemical Soc, 2022) Gecim, Gozde; Erkoc, Ertugrul
    The effect of physical properties of gases on the flow hydrodynamics and on the onset of instability was studied to acquire information on how to design fast mixers specific for relevant operations where complete and improved gas mixing is important. To assess the effect of physical properties on the gas flow dynamics in vortex mixers, three gases hydrogen, nitrogen, and argon were chosen because of the viscosity and density differences they provide. Using flow visualization and PIV flow-field characterization techniques, critical Reynolds numbers of flow regime changes were identified from segregated to engulfment flow regimes for three pairs of gases. It was shown that the first critical point of the flow, where the gases have a full rotation in the chamber, depends on the inertial force in terms of dynamic pressure. While hydrogen having the highest kinematic viscosity had a full rotation at Re = 40, nitrogen and argon gases had their full rotation at Re = 70. After these points, a steady rotational flow as a consequence of the balance between the centrifugal and centripetal forces was observed. Similarly, the onset of the engulfment regime was observed earlier for hydrogen, at Re = 150, while it was at Re = 200 for nitrogen and Re = 220 for argon. The present study shows that the gas properties are effective parameters not only on the critical points but also on the shape of the swirling flow pattern formed in the mixer.
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    Process Intensification of CO2 Desorption
    (Amer Chemical Soc, 2022) Gecim, Gozde; Ouyang, Yi; Roy, Sangram; Heynderickx, Geraldine J.; Van Geem, Kevin M.
    Anthropogenic climate change due to, among other causes, unhindered CO2 emissions is a major concern worldwide. The post combustion capture (PCC) process using a solvent, known as chemical absorption, is currently the most effective way to reduce CO2 emissions from large point sources. However, high capital investment costs when using the conventional packed bed absorber/desorber technology and high energy requirements during solvent regeneration are the primary obstacles for its large-scale implementation. Different process intensification (PI) technologies to desorb CO2 from the solvent have been introduced to mitigate the energy consumption compared to the conventional packed bed technology. This work reviews different technologies for intensification of CO2 desorption. In this context, rotating packed beds, microreactors, and membrane contactors have been explored as potential alternatives to intensify the desorption because of their superior mass and heat transfer. Alternative energy sources like ultrasound and microwaves have also been used to improve the desorption performance of conventional equipments. PI can also be realized by using novel solvents with improved desorption kinetics in combination with intensification equipment. Thus in this review, a comprehensive assessment of different existing PI technologies based on regeneration energies and regeneration efficiencies relative to conventional technology is presented. The intensification of mass transfer for the different technologies is compared, and a new parameter, named the regeneration factor, is proposed to evaluate the performance of PI equipment. This study outlines the advances in process intensification of CO2 desorption technologies to date and presents an overview of the merits and limits of all technologies.