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Öğe Caviar from aquacultured Acipenser gueldenstaedtii: effects of additives and thermal processing on product quality(Springer, 2026) Erkan, Nuray; Dogruyol, Hande; Can-Tuncelli, Idil; Ozden, Ozkan; Memis, Devrim; Tuncelli, Gokhan; Ertik, OnurThis study investigates how salting (approximate to 3% NaCl), borax addition, and mild pasteurisation (60 degrees C/20 min) jointly affect the nutritional quality, oxidative stability, microbial safety, and sensory acceptance of aquacultured Acipenser gueldenstaedtii caviar during refrigerated storage. Four processing groups were evaluated: traditional malossol (TM), borax-added malossol (BTM), pasteurised malossol (PTM), and borax-added pasteurised malossol (BPTM). Proximate composition, amino acid and fatty acid profiles, pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), water activity, microbial load, and sensory attributes were monitored during 7 months of cold storage (2 +/- 1 degrees C). Essential amino acids increased after salting, with lysine, leucine, and valine showing the largest rises (up to similar to 49%, p < 0.05). Borax showed a temporary inhibitory effect on microbial growth but reduced certain semi-essential amino acids. All formulations maintained sensory scores >= 5.0/10 for similar to 5 months (p < 0.05), after which scores declined. Across treatments, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) peaked at similar to 11.8% (PTM); TVB-N reached similar to 6.4-9.2 mg/100 g by month 7; TBARS increased to similar to 0.70-1.30 mu g MDA/g; mesophilic counts reached similar to 5.5 log cfu/g; and sensory acceptability persisted to similar to month 5. These findings show that optimised traditional processing can enhance the nutritional profile, safety, and shelf-life of sturgeon caviar. [GRAPHICS] .Öğe Design and Synthesis of ?-O-Glucosylated 5-(Arylidene)-6-Aminouracils: Towards Water-Soluble 8-Aryl Xanthines as Effective Enzyme Inhibitors(Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2024) Poslu, Ayse Halic; Ertik, Onur; Abul, Nurgul; Telli, Fatma Cetin; Gulcin, Ilhami; Koz, Omer; Koz, Gamze8-Aryl xanthines are selective enzyme inhibitors modified from naturally occurring methylxanthines. However, the low water solubility of substituted xanthines restricts their clinical applications. We developed a strategy to improve the water solubility of biologically privileged 8-aryl xanthines. A series of glucosylated 5-(arylidene)-6-aminouracil was synthesized as 8-aryl-1,3-dimethyl xanthine precursors and fully characterized with spectroscopic methods. Koenigs-Knorr reaction was used to synthesize beta-O-glucosylated aromatic aldehydes which were then reacted with 5,6-diamino-1,3-dimethyluracil to obtain the corresponding 5-(arylidene)-6-aminouracils. The strategy was validated by the ring-closing reaction of a beta-O-glucosylated 5-(arylidene)-6-aminouracil derivative with iodine (I-2) in dimethoxyethane. The water solubility of the glucosylated 8-aryl-1,3-dimethyl xanthine and its non-glycosylated counterpart was compared. Glucosylation improved the water solubility of the compound. The effect of glucosylation on the bioactivity of the compounds was investigated by measuring their inhibition effect on some common enzymes. The glucosylated 8-aryl xanthine demonstrated significantly better efficiency. Molecular docking was performed to elucidate the ligand-protein interactions. Since the target enzymes are primarily related to brain disorders, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration ability of 8-aryl xanthine partners was investigated. According to adsorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) predictions, glucosylated 8-aryl xanthine was found to be BBB permeable.Öğe Discovery of a Uracil-Derived Small Organic Ligand with Cytotoxic Effect on Human PC-3 Cell Lines via Apoptosis(Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2024) Poslu, Ayse Halic; Balaban, Rumeysa; Nalbantsoy, Ayse; Ertik, Onur; Cecener, Gulsah; Koz, Omer; Koz, GamzeA series of novel 6-amino-5-salicylidene uracils (1-19) were efficiently synthesized from the condensation reaction of 5,6-diamino-1,3-dimethyluracil with substituted salicylaldehydes. The structural characterization of the compounds was performed with spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis. All compounds were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against PC-3 (human prostate adenocarcinoma), A549 (human alveolar adenocarcinoma) and SHSY-5Y (human neuroblastoma) cancer cell lines. 3,5-di-tert-Butylsalicylaldehyde derived salicylideneuracil (6ASU-8) showed promising cytotoxic activity against PC-3 cells with an IC50 value of 1.53 +/- 1.01 mu M, compared to doxorubicin, which had an IC50 value of 3.77 +/- 1.34 mu M. 6ASU-8 induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and promoted apoptosis in PC-3 cells (p<0.05*). Molecular docking results supported the experimental data, indicating that 6ASU-8 is more effective than doxorubicin. Additionally, in silico ADME analysis revealed that 6ASU-8 possesses acceptable predictive physicochemical properties.Öğe Discovery of potential attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) drug molecules from natural compounds: In silico studies with Tanimoto similarity(Elsevier Science Inc, 2026) Ertik, OnurAttention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurological disorder that prevents individuals from developing their potential and causes an inability to focus, especially in children, and the prevalence of ADHD in adults has been increasing. There is a very limited group of drugs for treatment of ADHD, the most important of which is methylphenidate. Therefore, the discovery of new drug molecules becomes very important because of limited drugs. In this study, methylphenidate molecule was compared with 790096 molecules by utilizing Tanimoto similarity of natural compounds and molecules were identified by second filtering according to blood-brain barrier penetration. Then, molecules were docked with dopamine transporter (DAT) and compounds with better binding scores than methylphenidate were identified and molecular dynamics simulation studies were done for the best pose and validated conformation. In addition, molecular docking and dynamic simulations were performed for monoamine oxidase A and B (MAO-A and MAO-B) in order to control the state of depression frequently encountered in ADHD individuals. The results suggest the compound 3706153 ((octahydro-1H-qui-nolizin-1-yl)methyl 2-(naphthalen-1-yl)acetate) has potentially inhibitory molecule for DAT, MAO-A and MAO-B and have a potential of the main structure in the development of alternative drug molecule for ADHD from the natural compounds.Öğe Effects of ?-Lipoic Acid, vitamin E, and Selenium Combination on Inflammation-Independent ROS-Induced Damage in Kidney Tissue of Diabetic Mice(Wiley, 2025) Kacar, Ayse Karatug; Ertik, Onur; Dinckurt, Nilay; Arabaci, Unal; Yerlikaya, Pinar Obakan; Yanardag, Refiye; Bolkent, SehnazDiabetes is a metabolic and chronic disease affecting different tissues' metabolism. Genetic factors, lifestyles, and dietary habits can cause it. In diabetes, oxidative stress can occur in metabolic disorders, negatively affecting it. The antioxidants are essential in reducing or completely stopping the harmful effects of these adverse effects on the tissues. In the present study, we aimed to determine the combined effects of lipoic acid, vitamin E, and selenium in the kidneys of diabetic mice. For this experiment, the Balb/c mice were used and divided into five groups: citrate buffer, the solvents of the antioxidants, combined the antioxidants (alpha-lipoic acid, vitamin E, and selenium), streptozotocin, combined with the antioxidants and streptozotocin (A+D). At the end of 30 days of this process, the mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Kidney tissues were taken for morphological, Western blotting, and biochemical analyses. The tissue was used for staining with Masson's trichrome and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) of renal tissue sections taken for histological analysis; Western blotting such as the level of IL-10, IL-1 beta, TGF-beta, p38, cCas3, NRF2; biochemical parameters such as the level of GSH, LPO, SOD, CAT, GR, TAS, TOS, ROS, OSI, PON, CA, LDH, AR, ADA, arginase, OH-proline, and AOPP. The histological findings showed mild damage to the kidney tissue of diabetic mice. Western blot results showed that the damage was independent of inflammation. Biochemical results revealed that administering combined antioxidants to diabetic mice protects the kidney tissue.Öğe In Vivo and In Silico Evaluation of the Effects of Parsley (Petroselinum crispum L.) Extract on Small Intestinal Tissue in Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction Model(Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2025) Ertik, Onur; Sacan, Ozlem; Sener, Goksel; Pazarbasi, Seren Ede; Yanardag, RefiyeThe brain-small intestine connection has become important in neurodegenerative diseases in recent years. In particular, the discovery of the relationship between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the small intestine and the examination of the effects of AD on this tissue are important in this respect. Our study aimed to understand the effects of the experimentally created AD model in rats on the small intestinal tissue and the protective effect of the extract prepared from parsley leaves (PE). The experimental animals were divided into four groups in the study; Control, Scopolamine (Scop), Scop + PE and Scop + Galantamine (GAL). Oxidative stress parameters and activities of some important enzymes were examined in small intestinal tissues taken as a result of the experimental protocol. Additionally, in silico studies were carried out for bioactive molecules found in parsley leaves using data obtained from in vivo enzyme activity results. It was found that parameters examined for the damaged group, Scop, were reversed by PE and GAL treatment. As a result of in silico studies, it was determined that oxypeucedanin and phylloquinone had higher binding affinity than rutin for acetylcholinesterase (AChE). It has been observed that oxidative damage in the small intestine due to AD can be treated by the PE.Öğe Influence of Physical Activity and Nutritional Limitation on Amino Acid, Fatty Acid Metabolism, and Biochemical Responses in Juvenile Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum, 1792)(Wiley, 2025) Tuncelli, Gokhan; Ertik, Onur; Tuncelli, Idil Can; Bayrak, Bertan Boran; Ozden, Ozkan; Yanardag, Refiye; Memis, DevrimThis study investigates the synergistic effects of swimming activity and dietary restriction on the metabolic and nutritional characteristics of muscle tissue in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum, 1792). During a 6-week study, four groups of juvenile rainbow trout, each starting with an average weight of 26.54 +/- 0.36 g, were analyzed: the first group was allowed to feed freely in static water (SW group), the second experienced a dietary limitation (25% feed restriction) (LF group), the third was required to swim at a speed of one body length per second (SE group), and the fourth group faced a combination of dietary restriction (25% feed restriction) and enforced swimming activity (SELF group). Swimming activity was implemented using a water flow rate of one body length per second (1 BL s-1), ensuring a standardized exercise intensity. Comprehensive analysis revealed significant alterations in biochemical parameters, amino acid composition, and fatty acid profiles in rainbow trout muscle tissue. The results indicate a decrease in histidine levels (p < 0.05) with the combined effect of both swimming and feeding restrictions. Additionally, cysteine and semi-essential amino acids (EAAs) showed a decrease (p < 0.05) solely due to the influence of swimming. As for fatty acid outcomes, linolenic acid exhibited a reduction with the combined impact of both swimming and feeding restrictions (p < 0.05), while margaric acid significantly decreased (p < 0.05) only with the influence of swimming. Crucial shifts in antioxidant defense mechanisms, including glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, were identified, highlighting the roles of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) as biochemical parameters. Detailed examination further clarified modifications in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activities, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, serving as pivotal indicators of oxidative stress and tissue damage. These findings contribute to a holistic understanding of nutritional dynamics within rainbow trout muscle tissue, offering insights crucial for optimizing fish health and productivity in aquaculture.Öğe Momordica charantia (Bitter Melon) Fruit Bioactive Compounds and Potential Inhibitory Effects of Breast Cancer-Related Enzymes: In silico Approaches(2024) Ertik, OnurBreast cancer rates are on the rise, particularly among women. Ongoing research is focused on finding effective treatments for this form of cancer. For centuries, plants have been harnessed for their therapeutic properties, with their chemical compounds shedding light on drug development for a wide range of ailments. This investigation aims to explore the potential of certain bioactive 17 compounds present in Momordica charantia (MC) fruit, known to inhibit the growth of breast cancer tumours. Specifically, the study delves into their interactions with critical enzymes—epidermal growth factor receptor (EFGR) and nudix-linked to moiety X-5 (NUDT5)—that are implicated in breast cancer development, utilizing in silico methods. For this purpose, firstly, iGemdock, DockThor and SwissDock were used for the first evaluation and it was observed that the binding affinities of bioactive compounds. In all three docking, compound 16 (Momordicoside L) has shown better results than standard molecules in EGFR and NUDT5. Therefore, docking was applied for compound 16 in HER2 and HER3, revealing a notably high binding affinity, especially for HER2. The results indicate that compound 16 is a potent inhibitor candidate for EGFR, HER2, HER3, and NUDT5, paving the way for further studies.Öğe Moringa oleifera ameliorates oxidative damage caused by sodium valproate in the small intestine(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2026) Coremen, Melis; Ertik, Onur; Magaji, Umar Faruk; Sacan, Ozlem; Bulan, Omur Karabulut; Yanardag, RefiyeThis study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Moringa oleifera (MO) extract against valproic acid (VPA)-induced small intestine damage in rats. Forty-six adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: Control (saline), MO (300 mg/kg), VPA (500 mg/kg), and VPA + MO. All treatments were administered orally for 15 days. Biochemical oxidative stress analyses revealed that MO treatment mitigated oxidative stress in VPA-treated rats. Molecular docking studies demonstrated that bioactive compounds in MO leaves exhibited potential inhibitory activity against oxidative stress-related enzymes, with high binding affinities. Immunohistochemical results indicated that VPA did not alter antioxidant stress responses such as Nrf2. However, histological examinations showed that VPA caused structural damage to the small intestine, while MO treatment alleviated this effect. Overall, MO exhibited significant protective and antioxidant properties against VPA-induced intestinal injury.Öğe Reduction of oxidative damage in prostate tissue caused by radiation and/or chloroquine by apocynin(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Ertik, Onur; Us, Ayca Sezen; Gul, Ilknur Bugan; Us, Huseyin; Coremen, Melis; Bulan, Omur Karabulut; Yanardag, RefiyeProstate damage can occur in men due to age and genetic factors, especially when exposed to external factors. Radiation (RAD) is a prominent factor leading to oxidative stress and potential prostate damage. Additionally, chloroquine (CQ), used in malaria treatment, can induce oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, reducing and preventing oxidative damage in prostate tissue caused by external factors is crucial. Rats used in the study were divided into seven groups, CQ, apocynin (APO), RAD, CQ + APO, CQ + RAD, APO + RAD, CQ + APO + RAD. Subsequently, in vivo biochemical parameters of prostate tissues were examined, including reduced glutathione, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase activities, and total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress index, advanced oxidation protein products and histologically. The in vivo results presented in our study showed that APO reduced oxidative stress and had a protective effect on prostate tissue in the CQ, RAD, and CQ + RAD groups as a results of biochemical and histological experiments. Additionally, in silico studies revealed a higher binding affinity of diapocynin to target proteins compared to APO. As a histological results, RAD and CQ alone or in combination did not induce damage in prostate tissues, whereas mild histopathological findings such as hyperemia and haemorrhage were observed in all APO-treated groups. The results suggest that the use of APO for the treatment of oxidative damage induced by CQ and RAD in rats. The biochemical and histological experiments showed that apocynin (APO) has reducing effects of oxidative stress in prostate tissue caused by radiation and radiation + chloroquine.In silico models presented to possible inhibitory effects of APO for enzymes which are reason to the production of free radical.Öğe Structural characterization, cytotoxic and enzyme inhibitory profile of a novel triazole-linked ferrocene hybrid of 18?-glycyrrhetinic acid(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2025) Ozturk, Zehra; Yildiz, Yaren; Abul, Nurgul; Ertik, Onur; Ari, Ferda; Gulcin, Ilhami; Koz, Gamze18 beta-Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is a pentacyclic triterpene which was obtained from the roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra known for its diverse pharmaceutical applications. The primary aim of this study is to enhance the pharmaceutical properties of GA by modifying it with a 1,2,3-triazole-functionalized ferrocene moiety. The hybrid compound 3 was synthesized by amide functionalization of GA at the C-30 position with ferrocene, linked via a 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole bridge. Additionally, the C-3 hydroxyl group of GA was converted into an acetyl ester. The hybrid compound 3 was characterized using FT-IR, NMR (1H and 13C) and HR-MS. The aim of the modification was to enhance the cytotoxic and enzyme inhibitory effects of GA. 1,2,3,-Triazole substituted ferrocene (1), C-3 acetylated GA and the hybrid compound 3 were tested on A549, MCF-7, HCT-116, and PC-3 cancer cell lines. MCF-7 and HCT-116 cells showed the highest sensitivity to the compounds. Compound 3 showed more cytotoxicity than both GA and compound 1 with IC50 values of 23.97 and 50 mu M in MCF-7 and HCT-116 cells, respectively. Morphological analysis indicated that compound 3 induced apoptotic cell death. In addition, the inhibitory effect of compounds on carbonic anhydrase I-II isoenzymes (hCAI-II), acetylcholinesterase/butyrylcholinesterase (AChE/BChE) enzymes, and alpha-glucosidase was tested. According to the results, compound 3, exhibited the strongest inhibitory properties for all enzymes tested with IC50 values of 0.0323, 0.3058, 0.0078, 0.0090 and 0.0120 mu M, respectively. Molecular docking studies were performed to investigate the ligand-target protein interactions. Incorporating an organometallic sandwich-like compound ferrocene into GA via a 1,2,3-triazole bridge appears to be an effective strategy for modifying and enhancing its bioactivity.Öğe Synthesis novel N,S-substituted nitrobutadiene derivatives: some metabolic enzyme inhibition properties and antioxidant activities and in silico ADMET and molecular docking studies(Springer, 2024) Bayrak, Bertan Boran; Ertik, Onur; Onul, Nihal; Mermer, Nese Senturk; Yanardag, RefiyeEnzyme inhibition is one of the leading drug development methods for the treatment of many diseases. Due to the possible side effects and low bioavailability of existing drugs, studies are continuing for the discovery of new drugs. In this study, in vitro elastase, acetylcholinesterase inhibition activities of newly synthesized N,S-substituted polyhalogenated nitrobuta-1,3-dienes derivatives (compounds 3, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, and 4f), as well as their antioxidant properties, were investigated. Results was showed that compounds 4a (IC50 = 22.10 +/- 0.49 mu M), 4b (IC50 = 53.98 +/- 1.77 mu M), and 4f (IC50 = 32.01 +/- 1.33 mu M) showed higher elastase inhibition effect than positive control, ursolic acid (IC50 = 479.11 +/- 15.53 mu M) and in silico adsorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) and molecular docking studies were carried out in line with the results. As a result of molecular docking studies with iGemdock, DockThor, and Autodock Vina, it was determined that there was a higher binding relevance for compounds 4a (- 84.41/- 8.439 kcal/mol), 4b (- 86.32/- 7.878 kcal/mol), and 4f (- 86.32/- 8.530 kcal/mol) than ursolic acid (- 77.67/- 7.024 kcal/mol) for iGemdock and DockThor. It has been shown by DPPH, ABTS, and reducing power experiments that all compounds also show antioxidant properties. In conclusion, both in vitro and in silico molecular docking studies of compounds 4a, 4b, and 4f show that these three compounds are potent inhibitors of elastase.Öğe The Effects of Thiosemicarbazone-based Oxovanadium (IV) Complex on the Lens and Skin Tissues in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats and Computational Studies for the Key Target Proteins of the Lens Tissues(Turkish Chemical Society, 2025) Yanarda?, Refiye; Ertik, Onur; Demirci, Tülay Bal; Ülküseven, Bahri; Tunalı, SevimA vanadium compound, 2,4-dihydroxybenzylidene-N(4)-2-hydroxybenzylidene-S-methyl-isothiosemicarbazidato-oxidovanadium(IV) (VOL), was investigated for its possible benefits in the treatment of diabetes-related symptoms. Male Swiss albino rats aged 3 to 3.5 months were used in the study. The animals were randomly assigned to four groups. Experimental diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 65 mg/kg. The groups were as follows: Group I – healthy control (no treatment); Group II – healthy control rats administered VOL; Group III – STZ-induced diabetic rats; Group IV – STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with VOL. After diabetes was induced, VOL was administered to the rats in Groups II and IV via gavage at a daily dose of 0.2 mM/kg for 12 consecutive days. Based on biochemical results, in lens and skin tissues, reduced glutathione levels, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities were increased, whereas lipid peroxidation and non-enzymatic glycosylated levels were decreased in VOL-treated diabetic rats. Besides that, enzyme activities in the polyol pathway decreased in the lens tissues of diabetic animals given VOL. The binding affinities of these two enzymes (AR and SDH) to VOL were also investigated using molecular docking based on the conformational state. The results revealed that the use of VOL can be effective in preventing or at least retarding the development of some diabetic ocular and dermal complications. © 2025, Turkish Chemical Society. All rights reserved.Öğe The Effects of Thiosemicarbazone-based Oxovanadium (IV) Complex on the Lens and Skin Tissues in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats and Computational Studies for the Key Target Proteins of the Lens Tissues(2025) Yanardag, Refıye; Ertik, Onur; Bal-Demırcı, Tülay; Ülküseven, Bahri; Tunalı, SevımA vanadium compound, 2,4-dihydroxybenzylidene-N(4)-2-hydroxybenzylidene-S-methyl-isothiosemicarbazidato-oxidovanadium(IV) (VOL), was investigated for its possible benefits in the treatment of diabetes-related symptoms. Male Swiss albino rats aged 3 to 3.5 months were used in the study. The animals were randomly assigned to four groups. Experimental diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 65 mg/kg. The groups were as follows: Group I – healthy control (no treatment); Group II – healthy control rats administered VOL; Group III – STZ-induced diabetic rats; Group IV – STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with VOL. After diabetes was induced, VOL was administered to the rats in Groups II and IV via gavage at a daily dose of 0.2 mM/kg for 12 consecutive days. Based on biochemical results, in lens and skin tissues, reduced glutathione levels, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities were increased, whereas lipid peroxidation and non-enzymatic glycosylated levels were decreased in VOL-treated diabetic rats. Besides that, enzyme activities in the polyol pathway decreased in the lens tissues of diabetic animals given VOL. The binding affinities of these two enzymes (AR and SDH) to VOL were also investigated using molecular docking based on the conformational state. The results revealed that the use of VOL can be effective in preventing or at least retarding the development of some diabetic ocular and dermal complications.Öğe The metformin administration on pancreatic tissue damage in metastatic rat prostate cancer and STZ induced diabetes model(Springer, 2025) Koroglu, Pinar; Ertik, Onur; Bulan, Omur Karabulut; Yanardag, R.Cancer is the major cause of mortality in most nations, and a severe health problem worldwide. According to epidemiological studies, diabetes shows an increased risk for a variety of cancers. Metformin is a semisynthetic biguanide produced from the French lilac plant. The effects of metformin on pancreatic tissue damage in cancer and diabetic rat models were evaluated histologically and biochemically in the present study. The diabetes model was induced in Copenhagen rats using a single dose of streptozotocin, while prostate cancer was induced through subcutaneous inoculation of MAT-LyLu cells into the animals. Metformin was administered by gavage daily after inoculation of the Mat-Lylu cells. Histological evaluation showed moderate to severe damage to the pancreas following diabetes and cancer process. Administration of metformin reversed these effects showing a beneficial effect of metformin. Metformin treatment can be considered an adjuvant candidate for pancreas tissue in diabetes, prostate cancer and cancer therapy related damage. Metformin alleviates diabetes and cancer induced pancreatic cytotoxicity by regulating oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity. More research will be needed to explore the metformin effect.Öğe The protective effects of Myrtus communis subsp. on ovariectomized diabetic rats' renal and intestinal tissues: in vivo and in silico approaches(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Ertik, Onur; Kadioglu-Yaman, Beril; Sen, Ali; Sener, Goksel; Yanardag, RefiyeIntroductionPostmenopausal diabetes is a condition that affects millions of women and their quality of life. Also, kidney and small intestine tissues are damaged due to diabetes. The present study aimed to examine the protective effects of an extract prepared from Myrtus communis leaves on kidney and small intestine tissues against experimentally created postmenopausal diabetes. MethodsFor this purpose, experimental rats were randomly divided into six groups (Control; ovariectomy:OVX, diabetic:D, ovariectomy + diabetic:OVX + D, ovariectomy + diabetic + oestrogen:OVX + D+E2, ovariectomy + diabetic + MC: OVX + D+MC) and kidney and small intestine tissues were taken after the experimental procedure. ResultsEvaluations of biochemical parameters (glutathione and glutathione-related enzymes, antioxidant enzymes, etc.) showed that MC had a protective effect on kidney and small intestine tissues in diabetes and ovariectomy groups. ConclusionIt can be suggested that MC extract has a protective effect on small intestine and kidney tissues in postmenopausal diabetes and may be a good herbal source for this purpose.Öğe Treatment of oxidative damage caused by valproic acid in tongue tissue with ethanolic Moringa oleifera leaves extract and prediction of potential bioactive molecules with molecular docking(Springer, 2024) Ertik, Onur; Koroglu, Pinar; Magaji, Umar Faruk; Bulan, Nihal Omur; Sacan, Ozlem; Yanardag, RefiyeMoringa oleifera (M. oleifera) is a popular medicinal plant that has become a wide research area in recent years due to its detected biological effects and its bioactive compounds. Valproic acid (VPA) is a medication used in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder and high doses or prolonged use of VPA can result in oxidative stress in cells. Since M. oleifera has high biological activities and contains many bioactive compounds, it is necessary to understand whether it plays a role in reducing oxidative damage, especially that caused VPA. The relationship between VPA and tongue tissue needs to be investigated, since VPA has negative effects on oral health and it is known that tongue tissue plays an important role in the continuity of oral health. In the present study, 3.0-3.5 month-old female Sprague Dawley rats (160-250 g) were divided into four groups (Control, Moringa, VPA, VPA + M), and VPA was administered via gavage. The aim was to understand the protective/preventive effects of ethanolic M. oleifera leaves extract against oxidative stress through biochemical parameters. Additionally, molecular docking studies were conducted on niazicin-A, niazimin-A, and niazimin-B found in M. oleifera leaves based on in vivo results. The results indicate that M. oleifera extract treats oxidative damage to the tongue tissue, and niazimin-A and niazimin-B particularly show high binding affinities to myeloperoxidase (MPO) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzymes. Further studies may suggest that the use of M. oleifera leaves extract with VPA could prevent potential negative effects on tongue tissue.
