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    Comparative neuroprotective effects of royal jelly and its unique compound 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid on ischemia-induced inflammatory, apoptotic, epigenetic and genotoxic changes in a rat model of ischemic stroke
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Koc, Cansu; Aydemir, Cigdem Inci; Salman, Berna; Cakir, Aysen; Akbulut, Nursel Hasanoglu; Karabarut, Pinar Levent; Cansev, Mehmet
    ObjectivesThis study aimed to compare the efficacy of royal jelly (RJ) and its major fatty acid 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) on ischemic stroke-related pathologies using histological and molecular approaches.MethodsMale rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) to induce ischemic stroke and were supplemented daily with either vehicle (control group), RJ or 10-HDA for 7 days starting on the day of surgery. On the eighth day, rats were sacrificed and brain tissue and blood samples were obtained to analyze brain infarct volume, DNA damage as well as apoptotic, inflammatory and epigenetic parameters.ResultsBoth RJ and 10-HDA supplementation significantly reduced brain infarction and decreased weight loss when compared to control animals. These effects were associated with reduced levels of active caspase-3 and PARP-1 and increased levels of acetyl-histone H3 and H4. Although both RJ and 10-HDA treatments significantly increased acetyl-histone H3 levels, the effect of RJ was more potent than that of 10-HDA. RJ and 10-HDA supplementation also alleviated DNA damage by significantly reducing tail length, tail intensity and tail moment in brain tissue and peripheral lymphocytes, except for the RJ treatment which tended to reduce tail moment in lymphocytes without statistical significance.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that neuroprotective effects of RJ in experimental stroke can mostly be attributed to 10-HDA.
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    Evaluation of the cytotoxic and genotoxic/antigenotoxic effects of resveratrol in human limbal explant cultures
    (Springer, 2023) Can, Gamze Dereli; Taner, Gokce; Aydemir, Cigdem Inci
    Purpose Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenol phytoalexin compound and has long been considered to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In order to exploit the protective potential of RSV in anterior segment diseases, we investigated the possible cytotoxic, genotoxic/antigenotoxic effects of human limbal explant cultures to RSV and MMC or H2O2 alone and in combination. Methods A total of 18 limbal explant tissues obtained from three corneal donors were placed on the 12 well tissue culture polystyrene plates and cultured for 14 days. Cell growth from limbal explants was observed by inverted phase contrast microscopy. The cytotoxic effects of RSV was studied by neutral red uptake assay. For the assessment of the genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects, basic alkaline technique of comet assay was performed. Results It was found that the concentrations of RSV up to 100 mu M did not significantly affect the viability of outgrowth cells of limbal explant during 24 h exposure. When compared to negative control, all concentrations of RSV alone caused an increase in DNA strand breakage. Interestingly, 10 mu g/mL MMC alone caused similar tail intensity and tail moment values with RSV alone. On the other hand, RSV treatment in all doses seemed to decrease the DNA damage induced by either H2O2 or MMC. Conclusion RSV is an attractive natural compound for the purpose of oxidative stress reduction in ocular surface and can be utilized as a supplement to promote ocular surface regeneration in vivo.
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    Letrozole Decreased Testosterone-Induced Cell Proliferation and Prolactin Secretion also Increased Apoptosis in MMQ and GH3 Rat Prolactinoma Cell Lines
    (Springer, 2023) Selek, Alev; Halbutogullari, Zehra Seda Unal; Aydemir, Cigdem Inci; Cetinarslan, Berrin; Canturk, Zeynep; Tarkun, Ilhan; Erdal, Karaoz
    Aromatase enzyme plays an essential role in estrogen-induced tumorigenesis. It is expressed in the normal pituitary and more significantly in prolactinoma tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of an aromatase inhibitor, letrozole, on MMQ and GH3 rat prolactinoma cell lines and evaluate the possible mechanism of action. MMQ and GH3 cells were characterized with demonstrating aromatase enzyme and estrogen receptor alpha expression by PCR and immunofluorescence staining. After dose optimization for testosterone (T) and letrozole (L), four groups were established: only the testosteron-treated group (T) to detect cell proliferation; only letrozole-treated group (L) to investigate apoptotic effects; testosterone and letrozole concomitant-treated group to demonstrate inhibition of testosterone induced cell proliferation with letrozole treatment s(T + L) and control group (C) with no treatment. The proliferation rate of cells was determined by WST-1. For the detection of apoptotic and necrotic cells, Annexin V and caspase-3 labeling was used. Prolactin and estrogen levels were measured with ELISA, and the mRNA expression of aromatase and Esr1 was also determined. Testosterone induced the proliferation of MMQ and GH3 cells and further increased prolactin and estradiol levels. Adding letrozole to testosterone resulted in decreased cellular proliferation and even induced apoptosis. Also, letrozole administration significantly decreased prolactin and estradiol levels. However, letrozole alone had no effects on proliferation and apoptosis. Gene expression of aromatase and Esr1 was also significantly decreased by letrozole treatment. This in vitro study demonstrated that treatment of testosterone proliferating cells with letrozole resulted in decreased prolactin levels and cell proliferation and induced apoptosis, and further loss of aromatase and Esr1 mRNA expression were observed. Although this is an in vivo study, the results showed unique and novel findings which may easily be adapted to clinical use for further verification.