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Öğe A quantitative priority-based approach using a multi-criteria decision-making model for sustainable coastal city development(Springer, 2025) Gokkaya, Merve Dilman; Demir, Sara; Aksoy, Onur; Ersoz, Nazli DenizThroughout history, water availability has been an essential factor in shaping the development, culture, transportation, economic activities, and access to food in cities. The socioeconomic and cultural development of a city or country with a coast depends on the active use of the coast and the impact of the coast on urban life. In this context, for the development of coastal cities, it is necessary to determine coastal city criteria and specify their strategies in line with these criteria in order to increase coastal qualities. This research determined Bursa, located northwest of Turkey, as the study area. However, factors such as the absence of a coastal plan for the city and the inability of the coast to integrate into urban life have weakened the coastal city's qualities of it. For this reason, this study aims to define Bursa's coastal city criteria and determine strategies to increase the coastal city quality. The coastal city criteria developed depending on the examples of coastal cities in the world were evaluated by surveying local people and experts. The results of these surveys were digitized according to their priorities using Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP), one of the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods. The results of this study determined the highest priority criteria among the three main and nine sub-coastal city criteria in evaluating the coastal city in Bursa. This study proposes a numerical method that develops effective and sustainable coastal design and planning strategies for Turkey and underdeveloped countries.Öğe Application of Sponge City strategies in flood susceptible areas; Hatay, Antakya example(Springer, 2025) Aksoy, Onur; Erken, Kamil; Sokmen, Eren DagraRecently, floods have affected many areas due to the deterioration of the precipitation regime and improper land use. To mitigate these impacts, it is essential to implement sustainable urban drainage systems, such as Sponge City strategies, particularly in vulnerable regions. The study aims to minimize the possible effects of flood disasters by developing Sponge City proposals in high flood susceptibility areas in the center of Hatay, where the loss of life and a major structural disaster occurred after the February 6, 2023, Kahramanmara & scedil; earthquake. Firstly the study flood susceptibility analysis was carried out at the Hatay center. The SWAT + module was used while performing the flood susceptibility analysis. The SWAT + module was employed to ascertain the locations of areas exhibiting high, moderate, and low flood susceptibility within the Hatay center. Analysis has showed that %89.24 of agricultural area and % 6.47 of built-up areas in the center of Hatay are under serious threat. The study is unique in that it proposes SC recommendations in flood susceptibility areas using geographic information systems. The impact of flood-related damages can be mitigated through the implementation of Sponge City applications in areas with high flood risk. Many such applications have been proposed for the region, and these suggestions are crucial for integrating them into new master plans. By adopting Sponge City principles, we can enhance the resilience of vulnerable areas and effectively manage water resources to reduce flood risk and protect both agricultural and built-up zones.Öğe Assessing accessibility to gathering areas in the event of an earthquake: Bursa Doganbey National Garden, Turkiye case(Gazi Univ, Fac Engineering Architecture, 2025) Mikaili, Mahsid; Aksoy, OnurEarthquakes are natural hazards that can turn into disasters if precautions are not taken. People instinctively seek refuge in safe areas away from buildings at risk of collapsing. Public open spaces often become crucial gathering points during earthquakes, offering safety from falling debris. This study aims to ensure quick and reliable accessibility to gathering areas with minimal earthquake risk. Do & gbreve;anbey Nation Garden in Bursa and five surrounding neighborhoods were selected for the study. Initially, a natural and cultural inventory of the area was conducted. ArcGIS software was then used to analyze earthquake susceptibility and assess risk. Additionally, the HQIS plugin in QGIS software conducted Network Analysis to determine the accessibility of gathering areas. The analysis identified ten locations within the five neighborhoods, being moderately risky in terms of earthquake susceptibility but accessible within a 3-10 minute walk. This research emphasizes transportation and earthquake risk in planning gathering areas. By highlighting the importance of easy access to safe zones during earthquakes, it offers valuable insights for urban planning and disaster management strategies.Öğe Assessment of an effective quantitative model with multi-criteria decision-making method for sustainable campus(Springer Heidelberg, 2024) Aksoy, Onur; Demir, Sara; Ersoz, Nazli Deniz; Gokkaya, Merve DilmanSustainability is a current topic in public open green spaces such as university campuses. In order to ensure the sustainability of the campus areas, it is necessary to determine the criteria for the sustainable campus landscape. Bursa Uludag University Gorukle Campus in Bursa was chosen as the study area in this research. The aim of the study is to identify suitable sustainable campus criteria with a focus on landscape and to prioritize appropriate sustainable campus strategies determined according to these criteria. In this context, first, field studies and literature research were carried out. Second, sustainable campus criteria were classified as criteria and section. The section was then divided into credit. All these credits were ranked according to their priorities. Analytic hierarchy process, one of the multi-criteria decision-making methods, was used while ranking. According to the result of the criteria, planting landscape components were determined to be more important than structural landscape components. Among the section, the transport category was found as the highest priority criterion. The use of vegetable wastes as compost was also determined as the most important criterion among all credits. The method and findings of this research may set an example for determining priorities of the sustainable campus criteria in Turkey and developing countries with a participatory management approach.Öğe Evaluation of climate justice in open green spaces based on landscape metrics: the case of Istanbul(Springer, 2025) Sokmen, Eren Dagra; Aksoy, OnurRapid urbanisation leads to a rapidly growing population in cities, causing an unequal distribution and resulting in climate injustices. In areas with insufficient green infrastructure, this creates unhealthy conditions and a strong Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. This study was conducted in 18 districts of Istanbul. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of green spaces on the UHI effect using landscape metrics, and to propose green space strategies for areas affected by climate injustice. In this context, NDVI analysis was performed to identify green spaces using images from the Sentinel-2 A satellite. Additionally, Land Surface Temperature (LST) was calculated from Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS satellite images, and the landscape metrics of green spaces in UHI and non-UHI areas were analysed using Fragstats software. In the final stage, statistical analyses including t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between LST and the landscape metrics. The study shows that Zeytinburnu and Ka & gbreve;& imath;thane are climatically unjust, despite having average green space. The reason for these districts to have more UHI areas than others is their limited green spaces, which is characterized by a smaller size than other districts. In addition, the results of statistical tests revealed that differences in LST and landscape metrics between UHI and non-UHI areas were statistically significant, except for the connectivity metric. Correlation analyses showed that LST had a strong negative correlation with CA, PLAND, LPI, TE, ED, and MPS; a moderate negative correlation with NP and PD; and a weak positive correlation with connectivity. All these findings highlight that future open green space designs must consider metrics such as class area, percentage of landscape, number of patches, mean patch size, patch density, largest patch index, total edge, and edge density. Based on these findings, green space proposals were developed for climatically unjust areas considering landscape metrics. The outcomes of this study are unique because they assess climate justice through landscape metrics, providing a foundation for urban planning and design efforts in developed, developing, and less-developed countries.Öğe Marmara florasında doğal olarak yetişen bitki türlerinin peyzaj mimarlığında kullanımı “dört mevsim çiçekli bitkisel tasarım projesi örneği’’(Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi, 2022) Aksoy, Onur; Erken, KamilMarmara bölgesi bitki çeşitliliği bakımından önemli bir potansiyele sahiptir. Köprü niteliği taşıyan bölge, yaklaşık 67.000 kilometrekarelik bir yüz ölçüme sahip olup Türkiye'nin %8,5'ine denk gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Marmara bölgesinde yayılış gösteren 42 familyaya ait 124 türün mevsimlere göre çiçeklenme durumları incelenmiş, ekolojik ve dört mevsim çiçekli bir bahçe oluşturabilmek için bitki seçimi yapılmıştır. Bitki seçimi yapılırken, çiçeklenme aralığı uzun ve kış mevsiminde çiçekli türlerin seçimine öncelik verilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda Marmara bölgesinde seçilmiş bir alan üzerinde bitkisel tasarım önerisi geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı 12 ay boyunca çiçekli ekolojik bir bahçe kullanımı için bitki türü önerilmesini sağlamaktır. Ayrıca bu çalışma doğal bitkilerin bitkisel tasarım çalışmalarında büyük potansiyele sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Bitkisel tasarım çalışmalarında sonbahar ve kış mevsiminde park alanlarında çiçekli olarak görülebilecek bitki sayısının az olmasına rağmen, doğal bitki türleri kullanılarak bu mevsimlerde de çiçekli bahçelerin tasarlanabileceğini ortaya koymuştur. Çalışmada en fazla takson içeren familyalar; Liliaceae (15 takson) ve Amaryllidaceae (12 takson) şeklindedir. Marmara bölgesinde dört mevsim çiçekli bahçeler için önerilen bitki listesinde, ocak ayında 7 adet, şubat ayında 18 adet, mart ayında 20 adet, ekim ayında 7 adet, kasım ayında 4 adet, aralık ayında 1 adet çiçekli tür yer almaktadır.Öğe Prioritizing user preferences for quasi - Public space by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP): bursa Podyum park, Turkey case(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2024) Ersoz, Nazli Deniz; Demir, Sara; Gokkaya, Merve Dilman; Aksoy, OnurPurposeThis study aims to fill the lack of quantitative studies of user preferences in quasi-public spaces to observe the use of quasi-public spaces by questioning the contemporary needs of urban communities and to develop design strategies accordingly.Design/methodology/approachWithin the scope of this study, public space design elements affecting users' preferences in the quasi-public spaces of the Podium Park shopping center in Bursa, Turkey were evaluated. By considering the spatial characteristics of the study area, 4 main and 15 subcriteria were determined and utilized by analytic hierarchy process (AHP). These criteria were evaluated by experts and locals with a participatory approach.FindingsAccording to the obtained results, events (S2), sun/shade (C2), safety (P3) and planting (U4) subcriteria were determined as the vital elements for quasi-public spaces.Originality/valueAlthough the concept of quasi-public space has been discussed for nearly 30 years, it has been observed that there are no quantitative studies to determine the criteria of user preferences in these open spaces in the literature. This study is the first quantitative research for user preferences in quasi-public spaces and there is no previous study on this subject and study area in Turkey.Öğe Selection of succulent species to be used on green roofs according to phytogeographic regions: Türkiye example(Ege Universitesi, 2024) Aksoy, Onur; Erken, KamilThe objective of this study was to determine the succulent plant species that can be used on green roofs to be recommended for 3 phytogeographic regions in Türkiye. Three phytogeographic regions in Türkiye and the succulent taxa found in the natural flora of these regions were chosen as the study material. In the study, firstly, literature search was conducted. Then, family, endemism, hairiness, climate, altitude and habitat status of succulent species obtained from the literature were determined. In line with the information obtained in the last stage, taxa that can be recommended for green roofs in 3 different phytogeographic regions are listed. As a result of the study, it was determined that Saxifraga spp. and Sempervivum spp. in cool climates, Umbilicus spp. and Rosularia spp hot climates that the genera are the genera with the highest number of taxa. Also, ranked in both cool and warm climates, Sedum spp. and Rosularia spp. first in terms of the species richness of its genera The findings of this study are of importance in terms of helping the selection of the right succulent species that can be used on green roofs for countries located in similar phytogeographic regions around the world. © 2024 Ege Universitesi. All rights reserved.Öğe Başlıksız(Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi, 2022) Aksoy, Onur; Erken, Kamilİlk oluşturulduklarında kentsel bir kurum olarak hizmet eden üniversiteler, tarihsel gelişim süreci içinde kent dışında bağımsız yerleşkelere dönüşmüşlerdir. Günümüzde bu bağımsız yerleşim modeli, evrensel olarak 'kampüs' ismi ile adlandırılmaktadır. 19. yüzyıldan başlayarak çeşitli gereksinimler sebebiyle kent dışına doğru gelişim gösteren kampüsler, kendi ihtiyaçlarını kendi içlerinde çözebilecek çok fonksiyonlu bir yapı geliştirmişlerdir. Bu fonksiyonlar aynı zamanda kampüs alanlarını tasarlarken belirli tasarım kriterlerinin dikkate alınmasını da zorunlu hale getirmiştir. Bu tasarım yaklaşımlarından biri olan ekolojik tasarım yaklaşımı, iklim değişikliği ve küresel ölçekte meydana gelen diğer sorunlara alternatif çözüm arayışları geliştiren bir yaklaşımdır. 1972 Stockholm Bildirgesi ile, kampüs sürdürülebilirliğinin küresel bir endişe haline gelmesi, üniversite kampüslerinde yapılacak olan tasarım yaklaşımlarında, ekolojik yaklaşımlar geliştirmeyi zorunlu hale getirmiştir. Ekolojik tasarım yaklaşımları benimsenerek (enerji etkin, su etkin, atık etkin, iklim etkin) oluşturulan kampüs alanları kendi içlerinde sürdürülebilirliklerini sağlayabilmektedirler. Üniversitelerin ekolojik kampüs tasarım kriterlerine ne kadar uyumlu olduğunu değerlendirmek için bazı değerlendirme kriterleri geliştirilmiştir. Bu değerlendirme kriterleri LEED, BREEM ve Green Metric gibi sertifikalar kullanılarak puanlandırılmaktadır. Kampüs alanlarında enerji, su, iklim, malzeme ve atık özelliklerini dikkate alan bu sertifika sistemleri, uygun şartları sağlayan kampüslere sertifika sağlamaktadır. Çalışma alanı olarak belirlenen Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi Mimar Sinan Kampüsü, LEED sertifikasına göre değerlendirilmiştir. Bu değerlendirme alanda iki kere yapılmıştır. İlk olarak alanın ekolojik peyzaj çalışması yapılmadan önceki puan değeri ortaya konulmuştur. Daha sonra alana yeni bir ekolojik peyzaj çalışması önerilmiş ve bu önerilen proje kapsamında yeniden puanlandırma yapılmıştır. Puanlama sonucunda yapılan ekolojik uygulamalar ile sertifikadan kaç puan değerinin elde edilebileceği değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda BTÜ Mimar Sinan Kampüsüne ekolojik peyzaj tasarımı yapılmadan ve yapıldıktan sonraki puan değerleri incelenmiş ve kampüse önerilecek olan ekolojik peyzaj çalışması ile LEED'de hangi sertifikayı alabileceği incelenmiştir. Bu değerlendirme, alandaki yapısal ve bitkisel öneriler ile ne kadar puan değerinin elde edildiği ve ekolojik peyzaj tasarımında bitkisel materyalin önemi ortaya konulmuştur. Alana önerilen ekolojik peyzaj tasarımı ile BTÜ Mimar Sinan Kampüsünün ekolojik peyzaj değeri yükseltilmiş ve kentsel ekosistem içindeki önemi arttırılmıştır.
