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    A QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH ON THE INDIVIDUALIZATION OF RELIGION
    (Ilahiyat Bilimleri Arastirma Vakfi, 2024) Ahmedi, Ekber Sah; Kilic Ahmedi, Busra
    Secularization theories argue that there is an inverse relationship between modernization and religion by stating that the religiosity will uniformly weaken in the process of modernization. For this reason, the nature of the relationship between modernization and religion has been hotly debated in the literature, and new versions of the secularization paradigm such as existential security theory as well as different models such as religious market theory have been developed to explain religious change in modern societies. In this context, the theory of religious individualization has also been put forward as an alternative framework in social science research. This theory aims to describe the forms of religiosity that have become independent from institutional religion and religious authorities and experienced as unmediated, especially in societies such as Western Europe. In other words, the theory points out that with the process of modernization, human beings will be freed from the influence of tradition and institutional structures and will turn towards unmediated religious life as a self-determining being. Thus, unlike the old paradigm, the theory of religious individualization assumes that in modern societies, the religious will be privatized rather than losing its effectiveness completely. The current study, which was designed in quantitative format and conducted with 403 participants over the age of 18 residing in Bursa, aims to measure the tendency towards religious individualization. According to the findings, factors such as political opinion/ideology/worldview, educational level, source of religious knowledge and religious group membership affect religious individualization. In other words, the research shows that political views characterized as communist, leftist and Kemalist and educational level increase the tendency towards a religious life independent from traditional religious authorities.
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    Transhumanism and Religion in the Context of Digital Modernism: A Sociological Analysis
    (Afyon Kocatepe Univ, 2024) Ahmedi, Ekber Sah
    It can be said that one of the most important events in human history is the Industrial Revolution. This is because the Industrial Revolution has changed the way people organize, communicate and produce, in short, their entire way of life. In other words, it can be argued that the exponential progress of the revolution not only led to a transformation in political, economic, sociocultural, intellectual, and religious terms, but also made it possible to establish a digital world as an alternative to the physical world through the computerization and digitalization processes. Technological developments have increased the capability of the fields of biology and medicine and strengthened the idea of transhumanism, which points beyond the biological human being, such as increasing human capacity, extending life and even immortality. Transhumanism can be defined as a movement that seeks to remove the 'problems' such as disease, pain, and poverty through technological advancements. It aims to enhance human beings both physically and cognitively by overcoming the limits and restrictions imposed by their biological nature, and promises a cyber life that leads to immortality. Since transhumanism has a philosophy that encompasses all areas of the modern individual's life, it can be asserted that it is not only a movement, but also a philosophy of life, lifestyle, ideology, thought system, new age belief, new religious movement, and a religion in the sociological sense. The present study deals with transhumanism within the framework of digital modernity. Digital modernism, which is built on Web 2.0 technology and accepted as the new phase of modernism, claims that postmodernism is left behind and points to the digitalization of the text, the meeting of