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    Nanoliposomal juglone/?-cyclodextrin complex as a biocontrol strategy against plant pathogenic bacteria
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2026) Bezir, Kubra; Horuz, Sumer; Acar, Serap; Cagal, Munevver Muge
    Tomatoes are susceptible to a variety of pathogens, including bacteria, which can significantly impact plant yield and quality. The application of natural antibacterial agents, such as juglone, has shown promise in the biocontrol of these pathogens. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of liposomal encapsulation on enhancing the bioavailability of juglone as a biocontrol agent. The entrapment of juglone in nanoliposomes as water-soluble cyclodextrin complexes represents a novel strategy that merges the distinct advantages of these two systems into one. In this study, the juglone/beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was successfully encapsulated in nanoliposomes (J/beta-CD/L). Physicochemical and morphological characterizations of the formulations were conducted. The release of juglone from liposomes exhibited a cumulative release of 46.73% at 72 hours. The MIC values of the J/beta-CD/L molecule against plant pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain SH-1 (Pst), Xanthomonas euvesicatoria strain SH-2 (Xeu), and Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis strain SH-3 (Cmm) were 68.93 mu g/mL, 34.47 mu g/mL, and 68.93 mu g/mL, respectively. These MIC values were found to be lower than free juglone. Based on the seed germination results, the prepared formulation did not show any phytotoxic effect on tomato seeds at the applied concentrations. Thus, the nanoliposomal encapsulation technique appears to be a promising method for enhancing the antibacterial effectiveness of juglone as a biocontrol agent.
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    RABV antigenic peptide loaded polymeric nanoparticle production, characterization, and preliminary investigation of its biological activity
    (Iop Publishing Ltd, 2025) Bezir, Kubra; Arayici, Pelin Pelit; Akgul, Busra; Abamor, Emrah Sefik; Acar, Serap
    Nanoparticle-based antigen carrier systems have become a significant area of research with the advancement of nanotechnology. Biodegradable polymers have emerged as particularly promising carrier vehicles due to their ability to address the limitations of existing vaccine systems. In this study, we successfully encapsulated the G5-24 linear peptide, located between amino acids 253 and 275 in the primary sequence of the rabies virus G protein, into biodegradable and biocompatible PLGA copolymer using the double emulsion solvent evaporation method. The resulting nanoparticles had a size of approximately 230.9 +/- 0.9074 nm, with a PDI value of 0.168 +/- 0.017 and a zeta potential value of -9.86 +/- 0.132 mV. SEM images confirmed that the synthesized nanoparticles were uniform in size and distribution. Additionally, FTIR spectra indicated successful peptide loading into the nanoparticles. The encapsulation efficiency of the peptide-loaded nanoparticles was 73.3%, with a peptide loading capacity of 48.2% and a reaction yield of 30.4%. Peptide release studies demonstrated that 65.55% of the peptide was released in a controlled manner over 28 d, following a 'biphasic burst release' profile consistent with the degradation profile of PLGA. This controlled release is particularly beneficial for vaccine studies. Cytotoxicity tests revealed that the R-NP formulation did not induce cytotoxicity in fibroblast cells and enhanced NO production in macrophages, indicating its potential for vaccine development.