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    Investigation of the using biochar-activated fly ash for soil stabilization
    (İdris Karagöz, 2024) Çelik, Muhammet; Kuvat, Ahmet; Abut, Yavuz; Erdoğan, Merve Ceyhan; Yalçın, Berrin Saygı
    Unsteady settlements and shear deformations occur particularly on high-plasticity soils, resulting from low bearing capacity. The most common method for treatment of such soils is stabilization with traditional binders like cement or lime. However, the production of these materials contributes significantly to carbon emissions, thereby increasing the carbon footprint. This study explores the potential use of a low-carbon, low-cost, and sustainable additive derived from recycled materials in the treatment of the subgrade that does not meet the criteria of the Highway Technical Specification (HTS). In this study, a new additive was obtained by mixing biochar derived from pyrolysis of tea factory waste with fly ash. Different additive ratios of 5%, 10%, 15%, water contents of 15%, 20%, 25%, and curing periods of 0, 14, 28 days were investigated using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to determine their effects on stabilization. The samples were subjected to Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) tests. According to the results, stabilized samples showed an increase in UCS values ranging from 51% to 163% compared to natural soil samples. For the mathematical model, the optimal result was achieved with a curing period of 14.5 days, 11.5% additive ratios, and 23.6% water content. Additionally, Atterberg Limits test results indicated that the natural soil did not meet the HTS criteria, whereas the additive- stabilized samples met these limits.
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    The economic potentials of reclaimed asphalt pavements (RAP) in urban road infrastructure: a case study of Yalova city
    (İdris Karagöz, 2023) Fenerci, Kader; Erdoğan, Merve Ceyhan; Abut, Yavuz
    Due to population growth and technological development, consumption is rapidly increasing all over the world. Waste materials are not disposed of properly, resulting in environmental and visual pollution, health problems and economic disadvantages. Although recycling of waste materials has been given more importance in recent years than in the past, 100% recycling is not possible. Recycling asphalt pavements, protecting natural resources and reusing waste materials are very important to avoid the landfills they create in nature. In addition, the economic benefits of RAP (Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement) cannot be neglected. In this study, the significance of asphalt pavement recycling in the world, recycling methods and economic benefits are highlighted. In addition, the average annual amount of asphalt pavement excavated in Yalova was determined and the approximate cost of using different percentages of RAP was performed. For the construction of 1 km of asphalt pavement, the road construction costs were evaluated and compared using 30%, 50% and 70% RAP. Based on the findings, 6%, 11% and 15% of the initial costs could be saved, respectively. Although 70% RAP usage increased the recycling cost by 12%, it decreased the bitumen use by 7.2%, the aggregate use by 10.6%, and the operation cost by 11.1%.