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Öğe Author Correction: Demonstration of Container Efects on Recognition Process of Liquids Using a RingResonator Measurement Method(Nature Research, 2020) Öztürk, TurgutThe Acknowledgements section in this Article was omitted. The Acknowledgements section should read: “The author thanks İlhami Ünal and Aysun Sayıntı for providing the measurement data made at Marmara Research Center of TUBITAK.” © 2020, The Author(s).Öğe Characterization of Liquids Using Electrical Properties in Microwave and Millimeter Wave Frequency Bands(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2019) Öztürk, TurgutThis paper describes effects of electrical properties of materials to recognize the liquids with high accuracy. The goal of this study is to quickly characterize a liquid by making accurate predictions. By interpreting the relationships between the specified properties, the forecasts have been tried to be executed about other important parameters of any liquid. However, although the effects of the important parameters are paid attention, the temperature effect is not considered, in this study. Considering the high importance of safety and security applications, the liquids analyzed in this study were chosen to be transported by one person on various trips. Two different microwave spectroscopy systems (reflectivity free space and coaxial probe measurement methods), are used to collect the electrical properties of liquids by vector network analyzer. Furthermore, these specially selected liquids are first measured in a wide frequency range and the values of their complex permittivity are given.Öğe Classification of measured unsafe liquids using microwave spectroscopy system by multivariate data analysis techniques(Elsevier Science Bv, 2019) Öztürk, TurgutTo identify hazardous (illegal and explosive) materials, microwave measurement (free space reflection type method) method has been tried to find best results in different frequency ranges. The main goal is to cluster some materials which are mainly preferred by passenger for aircraft travel. Therefore, the multivariate data analysis methods have been preferred to classify or distinguish the measured liquids. Thus, the abilities of used techniques have been shown to make the classification process easier and more responsive, while determining the convenient measurement method that can reflect the unique properties of the liquids. The desired success has been achieved magnificently by self-organizing maps algorithm.Öğe Correction to: Characterization of Liquids Using Electrical Properties in Microwave and Millimeter Wave Frequency Bands (vol 38, 11, 2019)(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2020) Öztürk, Turgut[No Abstract Available]Öğe Demonstration of Container Effects on Recognition Process of Liquids Using a Ring-Resonator Measurement Method(Nature Publishing Group, 2019) Öztürk, TurgutBefore separating or classifying hazardous/unsafe liquids, a system must be identified which can best measure certain liquids. The preferred measurement system can be useful, quick response, rapid measurement and so on. However, these features are not sufficient to classify the liquids in different containers. Especially at security points, containers of liquids carried by people may be different. Therefore, it has been investigated whether classification can be made by using the response of different containers to electromagnetic radiation. When the ring resonator measurement method is used in the 1-1.4 GHz frequency range, a successful separation process is carried out, even if the containers were made of different materials. Nevertheless, a well-known k-means algorithm has been used to analyze the measurement results of selected liquids.Öğe Design of a new UTC-PD to enhance the BW value(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021) Gencal, Huriye; Öztürk, TurgutPromising UTC-PDs have been actively used recently in terms of being an alternative to expensive and bulk THz resources used in many areas such as millimeter and Terahertz (THz) signal (wave) production, communication, imaging and spectroscopy. A new product has been developed by modifying the geometric structure of UTC-PD, which has features such as room temperature usage, high operating speed and high operating frequency. The most important feature of the design is that it performs successfully in 0 (zero) Volt, in other words zerobias, applications and has approximately three times more bandwidth than its equivalent.Öğe Effects of Electrical Properties on Determining Materials for Power Generation Enhancement in TEG Modules(Springer, 2019) Öztürk, Turgut; Kilinc, Enes; Uysal, Fatih; Celik, Erdal; Kurt, HuseyinThis study aimed to increase the energy efficiency of thermoelectric generators designed by considering the electrical properties of p- and n-type semiconductor materials for reducing the costs associated with the experiments, errors, and long production processes. Accordingly, the estimation of the energy amount to be produced by the thermoelectric materials was achieved by different doping elements using three different parameters such as skin-depth, electrical conductivity and dielectric constant. Additionally, the findings were supported by experimental results. In contrast to the conventionally used black-box type approach and estimation methods, an inference was obtained on the actual values of the materials.Öğe The Importance of Mode Spacing of Multimode Laser Diode to Generate the THz Signal(Ieee, 2018) Öztürk, Turgut; Guneser, Muhammet TahirWhen examined Time Domain Spectroscopy system which uses multimode laser diodes (MLD) for THz signal generation, the importance of mode spacing of MLD is remarkable. When the previous studies are compared with each other, it has been determined that the wavelength distance between each mode of MLD should be small. In this context, the optical spectrum analyzer (OSA), which examine the mode spacing, can be used to predict the success of the MLD in the THz signal generation. Thus, in order to be able to choose the most suitable MLD (cheap and compact) to be used in a TDS system, the mode spacing analysis will be sufficed.Öğe A New Approximation to Classify the Liquids Measured in Microwave Frequency Range(2019) Öztürk, TurgutDifferent classification techniques have been proposed to analyze the measurement results in order to show that the liquids measured in the microwave frequency range can be separated. Furthermore, it has been shown that the proposed process can be applied successfully with different liquid quantities. Furthermore, the effect of different type containers has been demonstrated. In this context, five different liquids have been measured between 0.8-5 GHz in this study, by using ring resonator method. Thus, the ability of the proposed model has been demonstrated by the success of the measurement method and classification techniques.Öğe An Optimized DTW Algorithm Using the RMSE Approach to Classify the Liquids in Ka-Band(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Öztürk, TurgutIn this paper, a new optimized algorithm is presented to classify the liquids with high-level accuracy using raw data which show the transmission parameter of liquids. The free space measurement method, one of the microwave spectroscopy methods, has been chosen to collect the parameter for use in detecting illegal and explosive liquids. The aim is to classify the liquids that the passenger can choose with his/her plane journey. To classify and identify these liquids, instead of a multivariate data analysis method, a simpler dynamic time warping algorithm method is proposed. It is advantageous to intervene in this algorithm to perform the classification process better. It will be able to determine the most contradictory similarities among the signals collected from liquids and perform the best classification process. Thanks to this feature, it is expected to give better results than the algorithms proposed earlier. Because, it is thought that the liquids can be classified by the parameter which has unique properties of liquids. Furthermore, this algorithm will allow an intermediate group of suspicious liquids to be detected in another group. The performance of the proposed model is discussed in terms of its potential for reducing the classification problem and composing a database which can be used to identify the un/known materials easily.Öğe A Review of Millimeter Wave Communication for 5G(Ieee, 2018) Seker, Cihat; Guneser, Muhammet Tahir; Öztürk, TurgutThe millimeter wave (mmWave) bands give new facilities with tremendous amount of spectrum to fifth generation (5G) mobile communication network to supply mobile data demand, which is expanding out of control. Essential differences are considered between conventional systems and mmWave communications, regarding directivity, sensitivity to blockage and high propagation loss. mmWave brings various challenges in communication on some issues such as anti-blocking, interference management, spatial reuse, dynamic control and system design for fully utilizing. In this study, we surveyed on solutions and standards for these challenges and we proposed design principles in architecture and protocols for mmWave communications. And previous studies in the literature on whether the millimeter wave band can be tested in small cell access in 5G, cellular access in 5G and wireless backhaul in 5G or not have been investigated. Also, we described prospective using areas of mmWave in 5G.Öğe THz applications of multimode laser diodes: a review(2019) Öztürk, Turgut; Morıkawa, OsamuInvestigations are ongoing to develop cheaper THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) systems. In this context, many studies have been published in which multimode laser diodes (MLDs) are used as light sources in THz- TDS systems. There is another method for cost-reduction. Photomixing employs two single-mode LDs and does not require a pulse laser, and then realizes a reduced-cost system. A comprehensive report has been presented by examining the work done up to now. In these studies, it has been shown that the characteristics of MLDs, the effects of antenna structures on THz signal production, the difficulty of collimation of the MLD radiation beam, and the contribution of fiber-based systems are of utmost importance. It has also been determined that mode spacing has a significant role in THz radiation generation. In addition, successful SN ratio enhancement and imaging studies have shown that a more compact and cheaper THz-TDS system can be established using MLDs as a light source. Macor and RC51HF samples have been analyzed using a MLD-TDS created in the same way as in previous studies and results are given.
