Yalova ili merkez ilçesinin CBS tabanlı heyelan duyarlılık haritalarının analitik hiyerarşi prosesi, HTEA ve pareto sistematik analizlerinin kullanılarak oluşturulması
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Heyelanlar, önlem alınması gereken en önemli doğal afetlerden biridir. Can ve mal kayıplarını önlemek için heyelanların önceden tespit edilip gerekli önlemler alınması gereklidir. Bu tez çalışmasında, HTEA, Pareto ve AHP analiz yöntemleri birlikte kullanılarak Yalova ili Merkez ilçesi için heyelan duyarlılık haritaları üretilmiştir. İlk aşama olarak çalışma alanının şartlarına uygun parametreler seçilmiştir. Literatürde taramasında elde edilen verilere göre çalışma alanının şartlarına uygun olarak, yükseklik, eğim, bakı, litoloji, akarsulara mesafe, yollara mesafe, arazi kullanımı, NDVİ, fay hatlarına mesafe ve yağış olmak üzere 10 parametre heyelan duyarlılık haritası üretiminde kullanılmak üzere belirlenmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen literatür taramalarına göre heyelan duyarlılık haritalarını oluştururken, son yıllarda birçok çalışmada kullanılan AHP seçilmiştir. AHP matrisi hazırlanırken daha tutarlı sonuçlar elde edilebilmesi için öncesinde HTEA ve Pareto Analizi yapılması kararlaştırılmıştır. Çalışma alanının şartlarına uygun seçilen parametrelerin risk önceliklerini belirleyebilmek için bilirkişilerle T.C. Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi Rektörlüğü, Fen Mühendislik ve Sosyal Bilimleri Araştırma Etik Kurulu'ndan 30.04.2022 – E.58826 tarih ve sayılı etik kurul izni alınarak hazırlanan anket çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen anket çalışması sonuçlarına göre HTEA gerçekleştirildikten sonra analiz sonuçlarına göre Pareto Analizi gerçekleştirmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen Pareto Analizi sonucunda bölgenin şartlarına uygun belirlenen parametrelerinin heyelan duyarlılığına ne kadar etki ettiği belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre parametreler için ikili karşılaştırma matrisleri kurularak AHP gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen AHP sonucunda parametrelerin parametre ağırlıkları belirlenmiştir. CBS ortamında Raster Veri (görüntünün paralel çizgiler halinde dijitalize edilmesi) formatında hazırlanan parametrelere, parametre ağırlıkları atanmıştır. Ardından CBS ortamında parametre ağırlıkları atanan haritalar toplanarak, heyelan duyarlılık haritaları oluşturulmuştur. Elde edilen bu haritalar çalışma alanının riskli olan bölgelerini belirleyerek, heyelan gerçekleşmeden gerekli önlemlerin alınması için önemli bilgiler sunmaktadır. Çalışma alanının %29,60'ı risksiz olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. %29,51'lik bir diğer kısım ise az riskli olarak belirlenmiştir. Orta riskli alanların oranı ise %24,04 olup, riskli alanların oranı %13,18 olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma alanının sadece %3,68'i yüksek riskli olarak belirlenmiştir.
Landslides are one of the most important natural disasters that require precautions. To prevent loss of life and property, landslides must be identified in advance and necessary measures must be taken. In this thesis, Landslide Susceptibility Maps were produced for the Central District of Yalova Province by using the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis, Pareto, and Analytical Hierarchy Process analysis methods together. In the first stage, parameters suitable for the conditions of the study area were selected. According to the data obtained from the literature survey, 10 parameters were determined to be used in the production of landslide susceptibility maps: elevation, slope, aspect, lithology, distance to rivers, distance to roads, land use, normalized difference vegetation index, distance to fault lines, and precipitation. Analytical Hierarchy Process, which has been used in many studies in recent years, was selected to create landslide susceptibility maps according to the conditions of the study area. Prior to preparing the Analytical Hierarchy Process matrix, it was decided to perform the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis and Pareto Analysis to obtain more consistent results. In order to determine the risk priorities of the parameters selected in accordance with the conditions of the study area, a questionnaire study was conducted with the experts, which was prepared with the permission of the Ethics Committee dated 30.04.2022 - E.58826 from the Republic of Türkiye Bursa Technical University Rectorate, Science Engineering and Social Sciences Research Ethics Committee. After the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis was performed based on the survey results, Pareto Analysis was performed according to the analysis results. As a result of the Pareto Analysis, it was determined how much the parameters determined for the region affected the landslide susceptibility. Analytical Hierarchy Process was performed by establishing pairwise comparison matrices for the parameters based on the results obtained. As a result of the Analytical Hierarchy Process, parameter weights were determined. The weights were then assigned to the parameters prepared in Raster Data (digitization of the image in parallel lines) format in Geographic Information Systems environment. Then, the parameter maps were added up in the Geographic Information Systems environment to obtain landslide susceptibility maps. These maps provide important information for taking necessary precautions before landslides occur by identifying the risky areas of the study area. 29.60% of the study area was classified as risk-free. Another 29.51% was determined to be low risk. The proportion of moderately risky areas was 24.04%, while the proportion of high-risk areas was 13.18%. Only 3.68% of the study area was identified as high-risk.
Landslides are one of the most important natural disasters that require precautions. To prevent loss of life and property, landslides must be identified in advance and necessary measures must be taken. In this thesis, Landslide Susceptibility Maps were produced for the Central District of Yalova Province by using the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis, Pareto, and Analytical Hierarchy Process analysis methods together. In the first stage, parameters suitable for the conditions of the study area were selected. According to the data obtained from the literature survey, 10 parameters were determined to be used in the production of landslide susceptibility maps: elevation, slope, aspect, lithology, distance to rivers, distance to roads, land use, normalized difference vegetation index, distance to fault lines, and precipitation. Analytical Hierarchy Process, which has been used in many studies in recent years, was selected to create landslide susceptibility maps according to the conditions of the study area. Prior to preparing the Analytical Hierarchy Process matrix, it was decided to perform the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis and Pareto Analysis to obtain more consistent results. In order to determine the risk priorities of the parameters selected in accordance with the conditions of the study area, a questionnaire study was conducted with the experts, which was prepared with the permission of the Ethics Committee dated 30.04.2022 - E.58826 from the Republic of Türkiye Bursa Technical University Rectorate, Science Engineering and Social Sciences Research Ethics Committee. After the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis was performed based on the survey results, Pareto Analysis was performed according to the analysis results. As a result of the Pareto Analysis, it was determined how much the parameters determined for the region affected the landslide susceptibility. Analytical Hierarchy Process was performed by establishing pairwise comparison matrices for the parameters based on the results obtained. As a result of the Analytical Hierarchy Process, parameter weights were determined. The weights were then assigned to the parameters prepared in Raster Data (digitization of the image in parallel lines) format in Geographic Information Systems environment. Then, the parameter maps were added up in the Geographic Information Systems environment to obtain landslide susceptibility maps. These maps provide important information for taking necessary precautions before landslides occur by identifying the risky areas of the study area. 29.60% of the study area was classified as risk-free. Another 29.51% was determined to be low risk. The proportion of moderately risky areas was 24.04%, while the proportion of high-risk areas was 13.18%. Only 3.68% of the study area was identified as high-risk.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
İnşaat Mühendisliği, Civil Engineering
